Matthew 6:1
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==Commentary== | ==Commentary== | ||
- | ====“δικαιοσύνην” or “ἐλεημοσύνην” | + | ===Προσέχετε=== |
- | [[Image: | + | ====Beza==== |
- | The Greek text of Beza has ''δικαιοσύνην'' whereas Scrivener in his 1881 TR has ''ἐλεημοσύνην''. | + | The 1598 Annotationes of Beza has: |
+ | :I ''Attendite'', προσέχετε, vel cauete, vt vertit Augustinus lib. de sermone Dei in monte, secundo capite, vt & accipitur Luc.12.1, & infrà 7. 15. Possemus etiam vertere ''Adhibete animum''. Nam προσέχειν adhibere significat:& subaudiri videtur ''τὸν νοῦν'', quod etiam sępe exprimitur: iungitúrque tertio casui apud Gręcos: vt ante particulam ''μὴ'', quę sequitur, videatur subaudiendus articulus τοῦ. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Translated as: | ||
+ | |||
+ | :1 ''Attend'', προσέχετε, (pray, or beware), as translated by Augustine lib. of God's speech on the mountain, in the second chapter, as Luke 12.1 is taken, and below 7. 15. We could also turn ''Adhibete's mind''. For ''προσέχειν'' means to apply: & ''τὸν νοῦν'' seems to be heard, which is also often expressed as a hedge: and it is joined to the third case among the Greeks: viz. before the particle ''μὴ'', which follows, the article ''τοῦ'' is seen to be heard. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===“δικαιοσύνην” or “ἐλεημοσύνην”=== | ||
+ | [[Image:Matthew_6.1_Beza_1598.jpg|thumb|right|250px|<small>Annotations concerning Matthew 6:1 in the [[1598 AD|1598]] Greek / Latin New Testament of [[Theodore Beza]][https://www.e-rara.ch/gep_g/content/zoom/2025150].</small>]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Greek text of Beza has ''δικαιοσύνην'' whereas Scrivener in his 1881 TR has ''ἐλεημοσύνην''. No other explanation can be given for this change other than Scrivener felt they were synonyms. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====Scrivener==== | ||
+ | [[Image:Matthew_6.1_A_Plain_Introduction_Scrivener.jpg|thumb|right|250px|<small>Scrivener explaining that “δικαιοσύνην” and “ἐλεημοσύνην” are synonyms in Matthew 6:1</small>]] | ||
+ | In ''A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, Vol. I.'' by [[Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener]], it says: | ||
+ | |||
+ | :(11) Synonymous words are often interchanged, and so form various readings, the sense undergoing some slight and refined modification, or else being quite unaltered. Thus ἔφη should be preferred to εἶπεν Matt. xxii. 37, where εἶπεν of the common text is supported only by two known manuscripts, that at Leicester, and one used by Erasmus. So also ὀμμάτων is put for ὀφθαλμῶν Matt. ix. 29 by the Codex Bezae. In Matt. xxv. 16 the evidence is almost evenly balanced between ἐποίησεν and ἐκέρδησεν (cf. ver. 17). Where simple verbs are interchanged with their compounds (e.g. μετρηθήσεται with ἀντιμετρηθήσεται Matt. vii. 2; ἐτέλεσεν with συνετέλεσεν ibid. ver. 28; καίεται with κατακαίεται xiii. 40), or different tenses of the same verb (e.g. εἰληφώς with λαβών Acts xiv. 24; ἀνθέστηκε with ἀντέστη 2 Tim. iv. 15), there is usually some internal reason why one should be chosen rather than the other, if the external evidence on the other side does not greatly preponderate. When one of two terms is employed in a sense peculiar to the New Testament dialect, the easier synonym may be suspected of having originated in a gloss or marginal interpretation. Hence caeteris paribus we should adopt δικαιοσύνην rather than ἐλεημοσύνην in Matt. vi. 1; ἐσκυλμένοι rather than ἐκλελυμένοι ix. 36; ἀθῶον rather than δίκαιον xxvii. 4. | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[Image:Matthew_6.1_Scrivener_δικαιοσύνην-ἐλεημοσύνην.jpg|thumb|right|250px|<small>Scrivener [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=fPUDAAAAQAAJ&lpg=PA803&ots=GntC0CKGl0&dq=%E2%80%9C%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%B7%CE%BD%E2%80%9D%E2%80%9C%E1%BC%90%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%B7%CE%BD%E2%80%9D%20scrivener&pg=PA803#v=onepage&q&f=false].</small>]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====The Pulpit Commentaries==== | ||
+ | :Matthew only. Take heed; προσέχετε [δέ] (Westcott and Hort). If "but" is genuine, as is on the whole more probable, our Lord places this warning in close relation to the preceding charge. Aim at "perfection," but beware of mere show. Rather you must consider the estimate that will be formed of you by your Father which is in heaven. That ye do not your alms; Revised Version, your righteousness (so the manuscripts). Although one of the Hebrew words for "righteousness" (הקרץ) was used especially for the righteousness of almsgiving (cf. Deuteronomy 6:25, LXX.; and 'Psalms of Solomon,' 9.6, where see Professor Ryle's and Mr. James's note), yet it is improbable that τὴν δικαιοσύνην should here be rendered "alms," because | ||
+ | |||
+ | :(1) it has this meaning nowhere else in the New Testament; | ||
+ | |||
+ | :(2) the word for "alms" (ἐλεημοσύνη) comes in the next verse; | ||
+ | |||
+ | :(3) the emphatic position of τὴν δικαιοσύνην (μὴ ποιεῖν), in contrast to ποιῇς ἐλεημοσύνην (ver. 2), points to it being a collective expression of which the various parts are mentioned in the following verses. The form also of the sentence, "when," etc., at the head of each of the other subjects, (vers. 5,16) shows that these are co-ordinated with ver. 2. Your; in contrast to that of the typical Jews. The limitation implied in ὑμῶν, gives a more partial and probably more external meaning to "righteousness" (cf. Ezekiel 18:22, 24) than is to be seen in the corresponding phrase in 1 John 2:29; 1 John 3:7. To be seen of them (πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι αὐτοῖς. Having for your final purpose (cf. Ellicott on 1 Corinthians 9:18) to be gazed at by them (cf. Matthew 23:5; Acts 1:11; and T.R. of Acts 8:18; at. supra, Matthew 5:28). Otherwise (Winer, § 65:3. c). Ye have no reward (Matthew 5:12, note). Of your Father; Authorized Version margin and Revised Version, with; the thought being not that it is given by him, but that it is laid up with him (παρὰ τῷ Πατρὶ ὑμῶν). Perhaps, however, the preposition rather means "in the judgment of" (cf. 1 Peter 2:4). Your Father (Matthew 5:16. note). Notice the frequent repetition of the phrase in this context (Matthew 5:48; Matthew 6:4, 6, 8, 15, 18 bis). | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====Lange's Commentary==== | ||
+ | Lange's Commentary on the Holy Scriptures: Critical, Doctrinal and Homiletical: | ||
+ | :Matthew 6:1. Your righteousness [not: your alms].—We read δικαιοσύνην, and not ἐλεημοσύνην, with Griesbach, Lachmann, Tischendorf, and others, according to Codd. B. D., etc. Righteousness, צְדָקָה, is upright and pious conduct generally. Thus we have in the first verse a description of righteousness generally, which afterward is followed by a statement of the threefold manifestation of that righteousness. The reward with our Father who is in heaven (Matthew 25:31, etc.) is mentioned in opposition to that which the Pharisees arrogated to themselves, or to the outward acknowledgment which they claimed from men. | ||
+ | |||
+ | :Matthew 6:1.—Cod. Sin. agrees here again with the Vatican MS. (also D., Syr., Hieros., Itala, Vulgata, several fathers, Lachm., Tischend., Treg., Alf.), in reading δικαιοσύνην, righteousness, instead of ἐλεημοσύνην (text, rec., Matthäi, Scholz), which is “a mistaken gloss, the general nature of this opening caution not being perceived.” | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====Gavin McGrath==== | ||
+ | '''Matt. 6:1a''' “Take heed that ye” ([[TR]] & [[AV]]) {A} | ||
+ | |||
+ | :''Preliminary Textual Discussion.'' | ||
+ | |||
+ | The scribe of [[Lectionary 2378]] first wrote out the reading of Matt. 6:1-13 and then the reading of Matt. 6:15-21. Thereafter, before giving a combined reading from Mark 11:22-26 and Matt. 7:7,8; he gives rubric in which he first refers to the opening words of the Matt. 6:1-13, “''Prosechete'' (Take heed that ye) ''ele<u>e</u>mosun<u>e</u>n'' (alms)” (see commentary at Matt. 6:1b, ''infra''), and then refers to the opening words of the Matt. 6:15-21 reading (see commentary at Matt. 6:15, ''infra''). This means we have two references in this Lectionary to the word of Matt. 6:1a. | ||
+ | |||
+ | :''Principal Textual Discussion.'' | ||
+ | |||
+ | At Matt. 6:1a, the TR’s Greek, “''Prosechete'' (‘Take heed that ye,’ present imperative active verb, 2nd person plural, from ''prosech<u>o</u>''),” is supported by the majority Byzantine Text, e.g., W 032 (5th century, which is Byzantine in Matt. 1-28; Luke 8:13-24:53); and Lectionaries 2378 (11th century, twice in two different readings) and 1968 (1544 A.D.). It is also supported as Latin, “''Attendite'' (‘Take heed that ye,’ present imperative active verb, 2nd person plural, from attendo, meaning, ‘to mark’ or ‘to attend to’),” in Jerome’s Latin Vulgate (5th century), and old Latin Versions a (4th century), b (5th century), h (5th century), f (6th century), q (6th / 7th century), aur (7th century), 1 (7th / 8th century), g1 (8th / 9th century), ff1 (10th / 11th century), and c (12th / 13th century); as well as the Sangallensis Latin Diatessaron (9th century); and as Latin, “''Observate'' (‘Take heed that ye,’ present imperative active verb, 2nd person plural, from ''observo'', meaning, ‘to observe’ or ‘to attend to’),” in old Latin Version k (4th / 5th centuries). From the Latin support for this reading, it is manifested in the Clementine Vulgate (1592) as “''Attendite''.” It is further supported by the ancient church Greek writer, Chrysostom (d. 407); ancient church Latin writer, Hilary (d. 367); and the early mediaeval church Latin writer, Gregory the Great (d. 604). | ||
+ | |||
+ | However, Greek, “''Prosechete'' (Take heed that ye) ''de'' (but / and),” i.e., “But (or ‘And’) take heed that ye,” is a minority Byzantine reading found in Sigma 042 (late 5th / 6th century). It is further found as Latin, “''autem'' (but),” in the old Latin Version g1 (8th / 9th century). It is also found in the early mediaeval church writer, Pseudo-Chrysostom in a Latin work (6th century). | ||
+ | |||
+ | There is no good textual reason to doubt the representative Byzantine reading which must therefore stand as correct. The addition of “But” was no doubt influenced by its common usage as a conjunctive, being found nearby at e.g., latter in Matt. 6:1, or in Matt. 6:3. Its origins may have been an accidental “reconstruction, if either a stylistic paper space existed after “''Prosechete'',” or “''Prosechete''” came at the end of a line, followed by a paper loss, and a scribe “guessed” that something was missing under the paper loss when it was not. Alternatively, this might have been a deliberate “stylistic improvement,” in order to make the passage “the same” as others that use this common conjunctive. Accidental “reconstruction” or wilful tampering of the text? We cannot be sure. We can only be sure that this variant is not original. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The TR’s reading has solid support in the Greek and Latin. It enjoys the support of an eastern Greek writing bishop, St. John Chrysostom (Bishop of Caesarea, c. 329-379); and a western Latin writing bishop, St. Gregory the Great (Bishop of Rome, 590-604; before the formation of the Roman Papacy in 607). On the system of rating textual readings A to E, I would give the TR’s reading, “Take heed that ye” at Matt. 6:1a an “A” i.e., the text of the TR is the correct reading and has a high level of certainty. | ||
+ | |||
+ | :''Textual History Outside the Closed Class of Three Witnesses.'' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Outside the closed class of sources the correct reading at Matt. 6:1a, “Take heed that ye,” is found in one of the two leading Alexandrian texts, Rome Vaticanus (4th century); and the leading representative of the Western text, Codex D 05 (5th century). It is also found in the Syriac Curetonian Version (3rd / 4th century); Coptic Middle Egyptian Version (3rd century), a manuscript of the Egyptian Coptic Bohairic Version (3rd century); Gothic Version (4th century); and Ciasca’s Latin-Arabic Diatessaron (Arabic 12th-14th centuries; Latin 19th century). | ||
+ | |||
+ | The incorrect reading, which adds “And” or “But (''de''),” is found in one of the two leading Alexandrian texts, London Sinaiticus (4th century); (the mixed text type) Codex L 019 (8th century), and independent Codex Z 035 (6th century). It is further followed in the Syriac Pesitto (first half 5th century) and Harclean h (616) Versions; together with the Egyptian Coptic Bohairic Version (3rd century) and Ethiopic Version (Dillmann, 18th / 19th centuries). | ||
+ | |||
+ | The incorrect reading was included in Tischendorf’s 8th edition (1869-72) and the Nestle | ||
+ | 21st edition (1952). Reflecting the same uncertainty evident in the split between the two leading | ||
+ | Alexandrian Texts, “And” or “But (''de''),” was enclosed in square brackets in Westcott-Hort | ||
+ | (1881) and the NU Text, thus making it optional in Nestle-Aland’s 27th edition and the UBS 4th | ||
+ | revised edition. Choosing the option of not including it; it is not found in Matt. 6:1a in the | ||
+ | ASV, NASB, RSV, NRSV, ESV, or NIV; although one cannot be sure if the translators did or | ||
+ | did not follow the reading “And” or “But (''de''),” since they may have omitted it on the basis of | ||
+ | redundancy in English translation. | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''Matt. 6:1b''' “alms” (TR & AV) {B} | ||
+ | |||
+ | :''Preliminary Textual Discussion.'' | ||
+ | |||
+ | The scribe of Lectionary 2378 first wrote out the reading of Matt. 6:1-13 and then the reading of Matt. 6:15-21. Thereafter, before giving a combined reading from Mark 11:22-26 and Matt. 7:7,8; he gives rubric in which he first refers to the opening words of the Matt. 6:1-13, “''Prosechete'' (Take heed that ye) ''ele<u>e</u>mosun<u>e</u>n'' (alms)” (see commentary at Matt. 6:1a, ''supra''), and then refers to the opening words of the Matt. 6:15-21 reading (see commentary at Matt. 6:15, ''infra''). This means we have two references in this Lectionary to the word of Matt. 6:1b. | ||
+ | |||
+ | :''Principal Textual Discussion.'' | ||
+ | |||
+ | At Matt. 6:1b, the TR’s Greek, “''ele<u>e</u>mosun<u>e</u>n'' (alms)” (AV) or “charitable deeds” ([[NKJV]]), in the words, “Take heed that ye do not your alms (''ele<u>e</u>mosun<u>e</u>n'') before men” (AV), is supported by the majority Byzantine Text e.g., W 032 (5th century, which is Byzantine in Matt. 1-28; Luke 8:13-24:53), Sigma 042 (late 5th / 6th century); and Lectionaries 2378 (11th century, twice in two different readings) and 1968 (1544 A.D.). It is also supported by the old Latin Versions k (4th / 5th centuries, Latin, ''elemosinam'') and f (6th century, Latin, ''aelemosynam''). It is further supported by the ancient church Greek writer, Chrysostom (d. 407). | ||
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+ | However, the reading, “righteousness (Greek, ''dikaiosunen'', Latin, justitiam),” thus making the reading, “Take heed that ye do not your righteousness before men” (ASV), is found in Jerome’s Latin Vulgate (5th century), and old Latin Versions a (4th century), b (5th century), d (5th century), h (5th century), q (6th / 7th century), aur (7th century), 1 (7th / 8th century, g1 (8th / 9th century), ff1 (10th / 11th century), and c (12th / 13th century); as well as the Sangallensis Latin Diatessaron (9th century). From the Latin support for this reading, it is manifested in the Clementine Vulgate (1592). It is also followed by the ancient church Greek writer, Origen (d. 254); the ancient church Latin writers Hilary (d. 367) and Augustine (d. 430); and the early mediaeval church Latin writer, Gregory the Great (d. 604). | ||
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+ | There is no good textual reason to doubt the representative Byzantine Text, which must therefore stand as the correct reading. In the context of Matt. 6:1-4, the same Greek word, ''ele<u>e</u>mosun<u>e</u>'' is found another three times, once in each of the successive three verses. This clearly shows that contextually Christ is discussing “alms.” The peculiar influence of Matt. 6:32 as a source for assimilations with Matt. 5:47,48b has been noted in the commentary, ''supra''. Seemingly, the connected subsequent verse, “But seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness (''dikaiosune<u>n</u>'')” (Matt. 6:33), also formed part of the expansive influence by assimilation of the teaching in Matt. 6:32,33. If deliberate, such “stylistic improvements” cannot be undertaken without arrogance and impiety. | ||
+ | |||
+ | But was this alteration actually accidental? Was the copyist’s page reading ''ele<u>e</u>mosun<u>e</u>n'' (alms)” damaged either by paper loss or some substance spilt over it, so that only the last six letters were visible i.e., “:::::osun<u>e</u>”? Then because the missing five letters of “''ele<u>e</u>m''” in “''ele<u>e</u>mosune''” would take up the same space as the five letters of “''dikai''” in “''dikaiosun<u>e</u>n'',” did a scribe “reconstruct” this as “''dikaiosun<u>e</u>n'' (righteousness)” after reading Matt. 6:33 and wrongly concluding that this same word should be supplied at Matt. 6:1b? Whether this change from “alms (''ele<u>e</u>mosun<u>e</u>n'')” to “righteousness (''dikaiosun<u>e</u>n'')” was deliberate or accidental is a matter lost in the unwritten pages of unrecorded history. But that such a change did occur is clearly evident. | ||
+ | |||
+ | On the one hand, the TR’s reading “alms (''ele<u>e</u>mosun<u>e</u>n''),” is supported by the representative Byzantine Text, some old Latin Versions, and an ancient church writer. It poses no textual problems and so must stand as correct. But on the other hand, the variant reading, “righteousness (''dikaiosun<u>e</u>n''),” has the support of Jerome’s Latin Vulgate, a number of old Latin Versions, and a number of ancient church writers. Taking into account these competing considerations, on the system of rating textual readings A to E, I would give the TR’s reading, “alms” in Matt. 6:1b a “B” i.e., the text of the TR is the correct reading and has a middling level of certainty. | ||
+ | |||
+ | :''Textual History Outside the Closed Class of Three Witnesses.'' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Outside the closed class of sources the correct reading at Matt. 6:1b, “alms” ([[AV]]), is found in (the mixed text type) Codex L 019 (8th century), and (the independent) Codex Z 035 (6th century). It is further found in the celebrated Syriac Pesitto (first half 5th century) and Harclean h (616) Versions; as well as the Coptic Middle Egyptian Version (3rd century); Gothic Version (4th century); Armenian Version (5th century); and Ciasca’s Latin-Arabic Diatessaron (Arabic 12th-14th centuries; Latin 19th century), as Latin, “''eleemosynam'' (alms).” | ||
+ | |||
+ | The incorrect reading at Matt. 6:1b, “righteousness (''dikaiosun<u>e</u>n''),” is also found in the two leading Alexandrian texts, Rome Vaticanus (4th century) and London Sinaiticus (4th century); together with the leading representative of the Western text, Codex D 05 (5th century). It entered the neo-Alexandrian NU Text ''et al''. | ||
+ | |||
+ | It is found at Matt. 6:1 in the ASV as, “Take heed that ye do not your righteousness before men.” It was also followed in the RSV and NRSV, as “Beware of practicing your piety” (NRSV), as well as in the ESV, NASB, and NIV. However, in the NIV’s looseness of unwarranted dynamic equivalence, “righteousness (''dikaiosun<u>e</u>n'')” (ASV) becomes “acts of righteousness (''dikaiosun<u>e</u>n'')” (NIV). On this occasion probably influenced by the Syriac, Moffatt has the correct reading for the wrong reasons, “Take care not to practice your charity (''ele<u>e</u>mosun<u>e</u>n'') before men.” (https://www.gavinmcgrathbooks.com/pdfs/1net3.pdf pages 128 - 132) | ||
==Greek== | ==Greek== | ||
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* [[1589 AD|1589]] (Beza 3rd) | * [[1589 AD|1589]] (Beza 3rd) | ||
* [[1590 AD|1590]] (Beza Octavo 4th) | * [[1590 AD|1590]] (Beza Octavo 4th) | ||
- | * [[1598 AD|1598]] [[4337|Προσέχετε]] [[3588|τὴν]] [[1654| | + | * [[1598 AD|1598]] [[4337|Προσέχετε]] [[3588|τὴν]] [[1654|δικαιοσύνην]] [[5216|ὑμῶν]] [[3361|μὴ]] [[4160|ποιεῖν]] [[1715|ἔμπροσθεν]] [[3588|τῶν]] [[444|ἀνθρώπων]], [[4314|πρὸς]] [[3588|τὸ]] [[2300|θεαθῆναι]] [[846|αὐτοῖς]]· [[1487|εἰ]] [[1161|δὲ]] [[3361|μήγε]], [[3408|μισθὸν]] [[3756|οὐκ]] [[2192|ἔχετε]] [[3844|παρὰ]] [[3588|τῷ]] [[3962|πατρὶ]] [[5216|ὑμῶν]] [[3588|τῷ]] [[1722|ἐν]] [[3588|τοῖς]] [[3772|οὐρανοῖς]]. (Beza 4th) |
- | [[Image:Matthew_6_1_beza_1598.JPG|thumb|right|250px|<small>Matthew 6:1 in Beza's [[1598 AD|1598]] Greek New Testament</small>]] | + | [[Image:Matthew_6_1_beza_1598.JPG|thumb|right|250px|<small>Matthew 6:1 in Beza's [[1598 AD|1598]] Greek New Testament. [https://www.e-rara.ch/gep_g/content/zoom/2025150]</small>]] |
''See Also [[Matthew 6:1 Beza 1598]] ([[Theodore Beza|Beza]])'' | ''See Also [[Matthew 6:1 Beza 1598]] ([[Theodore Beza|Beza]])'' | ||
* [[1604 AD|1604]] (Beza Octavo 5th) | * [[1604 AD|1604]] (Beza Octavo 5th) | ||
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====[[Latin]]==== | ====[[Latin]]==== | ||
- | + | [[Image:Matthew_6_1_beza_latin_1598.JPG|thumb|right|250px|<small>Matthew 6:1 in Beza's [[1598 AD|1598]] Latin New Testament [https://www.e-rara.ch/gep_g/content/zoom/2025150]</small>]] | |
+ | [[Image:Matthew_6_1_beza_latin-vulgate_1598.JPG|thumb|right|250px|<small>Matthew 6:1 in Beza's [[1598 AD|1598]] Latin Vulgate [https://www.e-rara.ch/gep_g/content/zoom/2025150]</small>]] | ||
* adtendite ne iustitiam vestram faciatis coram hominibus ut videamini ab eis alioquin mercedem non habebitis apud Patrem vestrum qui in caelis est <small>[[Latin Vulgate]]</small> | * adtendite ne iustitiam vestram faciatis coram hominibus ut videamini ab eis alioquin mercedem non habebitis apud Patrem vestrum qui in caelis est <small>[[Latin Vulgate]]</small> | ||
* [[1527 AD|1527]] <small>(Erasmus 1527)</small> | * [[1527 AD|1527]] <small>(Erasmus 1527)</small> |
Current revision
- ΚΑΤΑ ΜΑΤΘΑΙΟΝ 6:1 Προσέχετε τὴν δικαιοσύνην ὑμῶν μὴ ποιεῖν ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων, πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι αὐτοῖς· εἰ δὲ μήγε, μισθὸν οὐκ ἔχετε παρὰ τῷ πατρὶ ὑμῶν τῷ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς.
(Textus Receptus, Novum Testamentum, Theodore Beza, 5th major edition. Geneva. 1598)
- Matthew 6:1 Take heed that ye do not your alms before men, to be seen of them: otherwise ye have no reward of your Father which is in heaven.
(King James Version, Pure Cambridge Edition 1900)
- Matthew 6:1 “Beware that you do not do your charitable deeds in front of men, to be seen by them. Otherwise you have no reward from your Father who is in heaven.
(King James Version 2016 Edition, 2016) - buy the revised and updated printed 2023 Edition New Testament here
Interlinear
Commentary
Προσέχετε
Beza
The 1598 Annotationes of Beza has:
- I Attendite, προσέχετε, vel cauete, vt vertit Augustinus lib. de sermone Dei in monte, secundo capite, vt & accipitur Luc.12.1, & infrà 7. 15. Possemus etiam vertere Adhibete animum. Nam προσέχειν adhibere significat:& subaudiri videtur τὸν νοῦν, quod etiam sępe exprimitur: iungitúrque tertio casui apud Gręcos: vt ante particulam μὴ, quę sequitur, videatur subaudiendus articulus τοῦ.
Translated as:
- 1 Attend, προσέχετε, (pray, or beware), as translated by Augustine lib. of God's speech on the mountain, in the second chapter, as Luke 12.1 is taken, and below 7. 15. We could also turn Adhibete's mind. For προσέχειν means to apply: & τὸν νοῦν seems to be heard, which is also often expressed as a hedge: and it is joined to the third case among the Greeks: viz. before the particle μὴ, which follows, the article τοῦ is seen to be heard.
“δικαιοσύνην” or “ἐλεημοσύνην”
The Greek text of Beza has δικαιοσύνην whereas Scrivener in his 1881 TR has ἐλεημοσύνην. No other explanation can be given for this change other than Scrivener felt they were synonyms.
Scrivener
In A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, Vol. I. by Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener, it says:
- (11) Synonymous words are often interchanged, and so form various readings, the sense undergoing some slight and refined modification, or else being quite unaltered. Thus ἔφη should be preferred to εἶπεν Matt. xxii. 37, where εἶπεν of the common text is supported only by two known manuscripts, that at Leicester, and one used by Erasmus. So also ὀμμάτων is put for ὀφθαλμῶν Matt. ix. 29 by the Codex Bezae. In Matt. xxv. 16 the evidence is almost evenly balanced between ἐποίησεν and ἐκέρδησεν (cf. ver. 17). Where simple verbs are interchanged with their compounds (e.g. μετρηθήσεται with ἀντιμετρηθήσεται Matt. vii. 2; ἐτέλεσεν with συνετέλεσεν ibid. ver. 28; καίεται with κατακαίεται xiii. 40), or different tenses of the same verb (e.g. εἰληφώς with λαβών Acts xiv. 24; ἀνθέστηκε with ἀντέστη 2 Tim. iv. 15), there is usually some internal reason why one should be chosen rather than the other, if the external evidence on the other side does not greatly preponderate. When one of two terms is employed in a sense peculiar to the New Testament dialect, the easier synonym may be suspected of having originated in a gloss or marginal interpretation. Hence caeteris paribus we should adopt δικαιοσύνην rather than ἐλεημοσύνην in Matt. vi. 1; ἐσκυλμένοι rather than ἐκλελυμένοι ix. 36; ἀθῶον rather than δίκαιον xxvii. 4.
The Pulpit Commentaries
- Matthew only. Take heed; προσέχετε [δέ] (Westcott and Hort). If "but" is genuine, as is on the whole more probable, our Lord places this warning in close relation to the preceding charge. Aim at "perfection," but beware of mere show. Rather you must consider the estimate that will be formed of you by your Father which is in heaven. That ye do not your alms; Revised Version, your righteousness (so the manuscripts). Although one of the Hebrew words for "righteousness" (הקרץ) was used especially for the righteousness of almsgiving (cf. Deuteronomy 6:25, LXX.; and 'Psalms of Solomon,' 9.6, where see Professor Ryle's and Mr. James's note), yet it is improbable that τὴν δικαιοσύνην should here be rendered "alms," because
- (1) it has this meaning nowhere else in the New Testament;
- (2) the word for "alms" (ἐλεημοσύνη) comes in the next verse;
- (3) the emphatic position of τὴν δικαιοσύνην (μὴ ποιεῖν), in contrast to ποιῇς ἐλεημοσύνην (ver. 2), points to it being a collective expression of which the various parts are mentioned in the following verses. The form also of the sentence, "when," etc., at the head of each of the other subjects, (vers. 5,16) shows that these are co-ordinated with ver. 2. Your; in contrast to that of the typical Jews. The limitation implied in ὑμῶν, gives a more partial and probably more external meaning to "righteousness" (cf. Ezekiel 18:22, 24) than is to be seen in the corresponding phrase in 1 John 2:29; 1 John 3:7. To be seen of them (πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι αὐτοῖς. Having for your final purpose (cf. Ellicott on 1 Corinthians 9:18) to be gazed at by them (cf. Matthew 23:5; Acts 1:11; and T.R. of Acts 8:18; at. supra, Matthew 5:28). Otherwise (Winer, § 65:3. c). Ye have no reward (Matthew 5:12, note). Of your Father; Authorized Version margin and Revised Version, with; the thought being not that it is given by him, but that it is laid up with him (παρὰ τῷ Πατρὶ ὑμῶν). Perhaps, however, the preposition rather means "in the judgment of" (cf. 1 Peter 2:4). Your Father (Matthew 5:16. note). Notice the frequent repetition of the phrase in this context (Matthew 5:48; Matthew 6:4, 6, 8, 15, 18 bis).
Lange's Commentary
Lange's Commentary on the Holy Scriptures: Critical, Doctrinal and Homiletical:
- Matthew 6:1. Your righteousness [not: your alms].—We read δικαιοσύνην, and not ἐλεημοσύνην, with Griesbach, Lachmann, Tischendorf, and others, according to Codd. B. D., etc. Righteousness, צְדָקָה, is upright and pious conduct generally. Thus we have in the first verse a description of righteousness generally, which afterward is followed by a statement of the threefold manifestation of that righteousness. The reward with our Father who is in heaven (Matthew 25:31, etc.) is mentioned in opposition to that which the Pharisees arrogated to themselves, or to the outward acknowledgment which they claimed from men.
- Matthew 6:1.—Cod. Sin. agrees here again with the Vatican MS. (also D., Syr., Hieros., Itala, Vulgata, several fathers, Lachm., Tischend., Treg., Alf.), in reading δικαιοσύνην, righteousness, instead of ἐλεημοσύνην (text, rec., Matthäi, Scholz), which is “a mistaken gloss, the general nature of this opening caution not being perceived.”
Gavin McGrath
Matt. 6:1a “Take heed that ye” (TR & AV) {A}
- Preliminary Textual Discussion.
The scribe of Lectionary 2378 first wrote out the reading of Matt. 6:1-13 and then the reading of Matt. 6:15-21. Thereafter, before giving a combined reading from Mark 11:22-26 and Matt. 7:7,8; he gives rubric in which he first refers to the opening words of the Matt. 6:1-13, “Prosechete (Take heed that ye) eleemosunen (alms)” (see commentary at Matt. 6:1b, infra), and then refers to the opening words of the Matt. 6:15-21 reading (see commentary at Matt. 6:15, infra). This means we have two references in this Lectionary to the word of Matt. 6:1a.
- Principal Textual Discussion.
At Matt. 6:1a, the TR’s Greek, “Prosechete (‘Take heed that ye,’ present imperative active verb, 2nd person plural, from prosecho),” is supported by the majority Byzantine Text, e.g., W 032 (5th century, which is Byzantine in Matt. 1-28; Luke 8:13-24:53); and Lectionaries 2378 (11th century, twice in two different readings) and 1968 (1544 A.D.). It is also supported as Latin, “Attendite (‘Take heed that ye,’ present imperative active verb, 2nd person plural, from attendo, meaning, ‘to mark’ or ‘to attend to’),” in Jerome’s Latin Vulgate (5th century), and old Latin Versions a (4th century), b (5th century), h (5th century), f (6th century), q (6th / 7th century), aur (7th century), 1 (7th / 8th century), g1 (8th / 9th century), ff1 (10th / 11th century), and c (12th / 13th century); as well as the Sangallensis Latin Diatessaron (9th century); and as Latin, “Observate (‘Take heed that ye,’ present imperative active verb, 2nd person plural, from observo, meaning, ‘to observe’ or ‘to attend to’),” in old Latin Version k (4th / 5th centuries). From the Latin support for this reading, it is manifested in the Clementine Vulgate (1592) as “Attendite.” It is further supported by the ancient church Greek writer, Chrysostom (d. 407); ancient church Latin writer, Hilary (d. 367); and the early mediaeval church Latin writer, Gregory the Great (d. 604).
However, Greek, “Prosechete (Take heed that ye) de (but / and),” i.e., “But (or ‘And’) take heed that ye,” is a minority Byzantine reading found in Sigma 042 (late 5th / 6th century). It is further found as Latin, “autem (but),” in the old Latin Version g1 (8th / 9th century). It is also found in the early mediaeval church writer, Pseudo-Chrysostom in a Latin work (6th century).
There is no good textual reason to doubt the representative Byzantine reading which must therefore stand as correct. The addition of “But” was no doubt influenced by its common usage as a conjunctive, being found nearby at e.g., latter in Matt. 6:1, or in Matt. 6:3. Its origins may have been an accidental “reconstruction, if either a stylistic paper space existed after “Prosechete,” or “Prosechete” came at the end of a line, followed by a paper loss, and a scribe “guessed” that something was missing under the paper loss when it was not. Alternatively, this might have been a deliberate “stylistic improvement,” in order to make the passage “the same” as others that use this common conjunctive. Accidental “reconstruction” or wilful tampering of the text? We cannot be sure. We can only be sure that this variant is not original.
The TR’s reading has solid support in the Greek and Latin. It enjoys the support of an eastern Greek writing bishop, St. John Chrysostom (Bishop of Caesarea, c. 329-379); and a western Latin writing bishop, St. Gregory the Great (Bishop of Rome, 590-604; before the formation of the Roman Papacy in 607). On the system of rating textual readings A to E, I would give the TR’s reading, “Take heed that ye” at Matt. 6:1a an “A” i.e., the text of the TR is the correct reading and has a high level of certainty.
- Textual History Outside the Closed Class of Three Witnesses.
Outside the closed class of sources the correct reading at Matt. 6:1a, “Take heed that ye,” is found in one of the two leading Alexandrian texts, Rome Vaticanus (4th century); and the leading representative of the Western text, Codex D 05 (5th century). It is also found in the Syriac Curetonian Version (3rd / 4th century); Coptic Middle Egyptian Version (3rd century), a manuscript of the Egyptian Coptic Bohairic Version (3rd century); Gothic Version (4th century); and Ciasca’s Latin-Arabic Diatessaron (Arabic 12th-14th centuries; Latin 19th century).
The incorrect reading, which adds “And” or “But (de),” is found in one of the two leading Alexandrian texts, London Sinaiticus (4th century); (the mixed text type) Codex L 019 (8th century), and independent Codex Z 035 (6th century). It is further followed in the Syriac Pesitto (first half 5th century) and Harclean h (616) Versions; together with the Egyptian Coptic Bohairic Version (3rd century) and Ethiopic Version (Dillmann, 18th / 19th centuries).
The incorrect reading was included in Tischendorf’s 8th edition (1869-72) and the Nestle 21st edition (1952). Reflecting the same uncertainty evident in the split between the two leading Alexandrian Texts, “And” or “But (de),” was enclosed in square brackets in Westcott-Hort (1881) and the NU Text, thus making it optional in Nestle-Aland’s 27th edition and the UBS 4th revised edition. Choosing the option of not including it; it is not found in Matt. 6:1a in the ASV, NASB, RSV, NRSV, ESV, or NIV; although one cannot be sure if the translators did or did not follow the reading “And” or “But (de),” since they may have omitted it on the basis of redundancy in English translation.
Matt. 6:1b “alms” (TR & AV) {B}
- Preliminary Textual Discussion.
The scribe of Lectionary 2378 first wrote out the reading of Matt. 6:1-13 and then the reading of Matt. 6:15-21. Thereafter, before giving a combined reading from Mark 11:22-26 and Matt. 7:7,8; he gives rubric in which he first refers to the opening words of the Matt. 6:1-13, “Prosechete (Take heed that ye) eleemosunen (alms)” (see commentary at Matt. 6:1a, supra), and then refers to the opening words of the Matt. 6:15-21 reading (see commentary at Matt. 6:15, infra). This means we have two references in this Lectionary to the word of Matt. 6:1b.
- Principal Textual Discussion.
At Matt. 6:1b, the TR’s Greek, “eleemosunen (alms)” (AV) or “charitable deeds” (NKJV), in the words, “Take heed that ye do not your alms (eleemosunen) before men” (AV), is supported by the majority Byzantine Text e.g., W 032 (5th century, which is Byzantine in Matt. 1-28; Luke 8:13-24:53), Sigma 042 (late 5th / 6th century); and Lectionaries 2378 (11th century, twice in two different readings) and 1968 (1544 A.D.). It is also supported by the old Latin Versions k (4th / 5th centuries, Latin, elemosinam) and f (6th century, Latin, aelemosynam). It is further supported by the ancient church Greek writer, Chrysostom (d. 407).
However, the reading, “righteousness (Greek, dikaiosunen, Latin, justitiam),” thus making the reading, “Take heed that ye do not your righteousness before men” (ASV), is found in Jerome’s Latin Vulgate (5th century), and old Latin Versions a (4th century), b (5th century), d (5th century), h (5th century), q (6th / 7th century), aur (7th century), 1 (7th / 8th century, g1 (8th / 9th century), ff1 (10th / 11th century), and c (12th / 13th century); as well as the Sangallensis Latin Diatessaron (9th century). From the Latin support for this reading, it is manifested in the Clementine Vulgate (1592). It is also followed by the ancient church Greek writer, Origen (d. 254); the ancient church Latin writers Hilary (d. 367) and Augustine (d. 430); and the early mediaeval church Latin writer, Gregory the Great (d. 604).
There is no good textual reason to doubt the representative Byzantine Text, which must therefore stand as the correct reading. In the context of Matt. 6:1-4, the same Greek word, eleemosune is found another three times, once in each of the successive three verses. This clearly shows that contextually Christ is discussing “alms.” The peculiar influence of Matt. 6:32 as a source for assimilations with Matt. 5:47,48b has been noted in the commentary, supra. Seemingly, the connected subsequent verse, “But seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness (dikaiosunen)” (Matt. 6:33), also formed part of the expansive influence by assimilation of the teaching in Matt. 6:32,33. If deliberate, such “stylistic improvements” cannot be undertaken without arrogance and impiety.
But was this alteration actually accidental? Was the copyist’s page reading eleemosunen (alms)” damaged either by paper loss or some substance spilt over it, so that only the last six letters were visible i.e., “:::::osune”? Then because the missing five letters of “eleem” in “eleemosune” would take up the same space as the five letters of “dikai” in “dikaiosunen,” did a scribe “reconstruct” this as “dikaiosunen (righteousness)” after reading Matt. 6:33 and wrongly concluding that this same word should be supplied at Matt. 6:1b? Whether this change from “alms (eleemosunen)” to “righteousness (dikaiosunen)” was deliberate or accidental is a matter lost in the unwritten pages of unrecorded history. But that such a change did occur is clearly evident.
On the one hand, the TR’s reading “alms (eleemosunen),” is supported by the representative Byzantine Text, some old Latin Versions, and an ancient church writer. It poses no textual problems and so must stand as correct. But on the other hand, the variant reading, “righteousness (dikaiosunen),” has the support of Jerome’s Latin Vulgate, a number of old Latin Versions, and a number of ancient church writers. Taking into account these competing considerations, on the system of rating textual readings A to E, I would give the TR’s reading, “alms” in Matt. 6:1b a “B” i.e., the text of the TR is the correct reading and has a middling level of certainty.
- Textual History Outside the Closed Class of Three Witnesses.
Outside the closed class of sources the correct reading at Matt. 6:1b, “alms” (AV), is found in (the mixed text type) Codex L 019 (8th century), and (the independent) Codex Z 035 (6th century). It is further found in the celebrated Syriac Pesitto (first half 5th century) and Harclean h (616) Versions; as well as the Coptic Middle Egyptian Version (3rd century); Gothic Version (4th century); Armenian Version (5th century); and Ciasca’s Latin-Arabic Diatessaron (Arabic 12th-14th centuries; Latin 19th century), as Latin, “eleemosynam (alms).”
The incorrect reading at Matt. 6:1b, “righteousness (dikaiosunen),” is also found in the two leading Alexandrian texts, Rome Vaticanus (4th century) and London Sinaiticus (4th century); together with the leading representative of the Western text, Codex D 05 (5th century). It entered the neo-Alexandrian NU Text et al.
It is found at Matt. 6:1 in the ASV as, “Take heed that ye do not your righteousness before men.” It was also followed in the RSV and NRSV, as “Beware of practicing your piety” (NRSV), as well as in the ESV, NASB, and NIV. However, in the NIV’s looseness of unwarranted dynamic equivalence, “righteousness (dikaiosunen)” (ASV) becomes “acts of righteousness (dikaiosunen)” (NIV). On this occasion probably influenced by the Syriac, Moffatt has the correct reading for the wrong reasons, “Take care not to practice your charity (eleemosunen) before men.” (https://www.gavinmcgrathbooks.com/pdfs/1net3.pdf pages 128 - 132)
Greek
Textus Receptus
Desiderius Erasmus
- 1516 (Erasmus 1st Novum Instrumentum omne)
- 1519 (Erasmus 2nd)
- 1522 (Erasmus 3rd Novum Testamentum omne)
- 1527 (Erasmus 4th)
- 1535 (Erasmus 5th)
Colinæus
- 1534 (Colinæus)
Stephanus (Robert Estienne)
- 1546 (Robert Estienne (Stephanus) 1st)
- 1549 (Robert Estienne (Stephanus) 2nd)
- 1550 Προσέχετε τὴν ἐλεημοσύνην ὑμῶν μὴ ποιεῖν ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι αὐτοῖς· εἰ δὲ μήγε, μισθὸν οὐκ ἔχετε παρὰ τῷ πατρὶ ὑμῶν τῷ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς (Robert Estienne (Stephanus) 3rd - Editio Regia)
- 1551 Προσέχετε τὴν ἐλεημοσύνην ὑμῶν μὴ ποιεῖν ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι αὐτοῖς· εἰ δὲ μήγε, μισθὸν οὐκ ἔχετε παρὰ τῷ πατρὶ ὑμῶν τῷ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς (Robert Estienne (Stephanus) 4th)
Theodore Beza
- 1565 (Beza 1st)
- 1565 (Beza Octavo 1st)
- 1567 (Beza Octavo 2nd)
- 1580 (Beza Octavo 3rd)
- 1582 (Beza 2nd)
- 1589 (Beza 3rd)
- 1590 (Beza Octavo 4th)
- 1598 Προσέχετε τὴν δικαιοσύνην ὑμῶν μὴ ποιεῖν ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων, πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι αὐτοῖς· εἰ δὲ μήγε, μισθὸν οὐκ ἔχετε παρὰ τῷ πατρὶ ὑμῶν τῷ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς. (Beza 4th)
See Also Matthew 6:1 Beza 1598 (Beza)
- 1604 (Beza Octavo 5th)
Elzevir
Scholz
Scrivener
- 1894 Προσέχετε τὴν ἐλεημοσύνην ὑμῶν μὴ ποιεῖν ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι αὐτοῖς· εἰ δὲ μήγε, μισθὸν οὐκ ἔχετε παρὰ τῷ πατρὶ ὑμῶν τῷ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς.
Other Greek
- 1857 (Tregelles' Greek New Testament)
- 1872 Προσέχετε δὲ τὴν δικαιοσύνην ὑμῶν μὴ ποιεῖν ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι αὐτοῖς· εἰ δὲ μήγε, μισθὸν οὐκ ἔχετε παρὰ τῷ πατρὶ ὑμῶν τῷ ἐν οὐρανοῖς. (Tischendorf 8th Ed.)
- 1881 Προσέχετε δὲ τὴν δικαιοσύνην ὑμῶν μὴ ποιεῖν ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι αὐτοῖς· εἰ δὲ μήγε, μισθὸν οὐκ ἔχετε παρὰ τῷ πατρὶ ὑμῶν τῷ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς. (Westcott & Hort)
- 1904 Προσέχετε τὴν ἐλεημοσύνην ὑμῶν μὴ ποιεῖν ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι αὐτοῖς· εἰ δὲ μήγε, μισθὸν οὐκ ἔχετε παρὰ τῷ πατρὶ ὑμῶν τῷ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς. (Greek orthodox Church)
- 1904 Προσέχετε δὲ τὴν δικαιοσύνην ὑμῶν μὴ ποιεῖν ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι αὐτοῖς· εἰ δὲ μήγε, μισθὸν οὐκ ἔχετε παρὰ τῷ Πατρὶ ὑμῶν τῷ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς. (Nestle)
Anglo Saxon Translations
- 1000 (Anglo-Saxon Gospels Manuscript 140, Corpus Christi College by Aelfric)
- 1200 (Anglo-Saxon Gospels Hatton Manuscript 38, Bodleian Library by unknown author)
English Translations
- 1380 (Wyclif's Bible by John Wycliffe)
- 1395 Takith hede, that ye do not youre riytwisnesse bifor men, to be seyn of hem, ellis ye schulen haue no meede at youre fadir that is in heuenes. (Wyclif's Bible by John Wycliffe)
- 1534 Take hede to youre almes. That ye geve it not in the syght of men to the intent that ye wolde be sene of them. Or els ye get no rewarde of youre father which is in heve. (Tyndale Bible by William Tyndale)
- 1535 Take hede to youre almes, that ye geue it not in the syght of men, to the intent that ye wolde be sene of them: or els, ye get no rewarde of youre father which is in heauen. (Coverdale Bible)
- 1539 (Great Bible First Edition - Miles Coverdale)
- 1540 Take heade, þt ye geue not your almose in the sight of men, to the intent that ye wold be sene of them. Or els ye haue no rewarde with youre father which is in heauen. (Great Bible Second Edition - Miles Coverdale)
- 1549 Take hede to your almes, þt ye geue it not in þe sight of men, to þe intent þt ye would be sene of them. Or els ye get no rewarde of youre father whyche is in heauen. (Matthew's Bible - John Rogers)
- 1557 (Geneva 1557) by William Whittingham
- 1560
- 1568 Take heede to your almes, that ye geue it not in the sight of men, to the intente that ye woulde be sene of the, or els ye haue no rewarde of your father, which is in heauen. (Bishop's Bible First Edition)
- 1572 (Bishop's Bible)
- 1582 (Rheims 1582)
- 1587 Take heede that ye giue not your almes before men, to be seene of them, or els ye shall haue no reward of your Father which is in heaue. (Geneva Bible) by William Whittingham
- 1599 (Geneva Bible) by William Whittingham
- 1611 Take heed that yee doe not your almes before men, to bee seene of them: otherwise yee haue no reward of your father which is in heauen. (King James Version)
- 1729 Take care not to perform any religious act in order to be observed by men: otherwise you will have no reward from your father who is in heaven. (Mace New Testament)
- 1745 Take heed that ye do not your righteousness before men, to be seen of them: otherwise ye have no reward of your Father in the heavens. (Mr. Whiston's Primitive New Testament)
- 1762 (King James Version)
- 1769 Take heed that ye do not your alms before men, to be seen of them: otherwise ye have no reward of your Father which is in heaven. (King James Version - Benjamin Blayney)
- 1770 Take heed that ye do not your alms before men, to be observed by them: otherwise ye will have no reward from your Father, who is in heaven. (Worsley Version by John Worsley)
- 1790 Take heed that ye practice not your righteousness before men, to be seen of them: otherwise ye have no reward from your Father who is in heaven, (Wesley Version by John Wesley)
- 1795 TAKE heed that ye do not your alms before men, in order to catch their eye: for otherwise ye have no reward from your Father who is in heaven. (A Translation of the New Testament from the Original Greek by Thomas Haweis)
- 1833 Take heed that ye do not your alms before men, to be seen by them: otherwise ye have no reward from your Father who is in heaven. (Webster Version - by Noah Webster)
- 1835 Take heed that you perform not your religious duties before men, in order to be observed by them; otherwise you will obtain no reward from your Father who is in heaven. (Living Oracles by Alexander Campbell)
- 1849 SEE that in your almsgiving you do it not before men, so as that you may be observed by them; otherwise no reward is for you with your Father who is in heaven. (Etheridge Translation by John Etheridge)
- 1850 (King James Version by Committee)
- 1851 Be cautious in your alms-giving, not to perform it before men, so that ye may be seen of them: otherwise, ye have no reward from your Father who is in heaven. (Murdock Translation)
- 1855 Calvin Bible by the Calvin Translation Society
- 1858 But take heed not to perform your righteousness before men, to be seen by them; otherwise indeed, you have no reward from your Father in heaven. (The New Testament Translated from the Original Greek by Leicester Sawyer)
- 1865 Take heed the righteousness of you not to do in the presence of the men, so as to be exhibited to them; if but otherwise, reward not you have with to the Father of you, to the in the heavens. (The Emphatic Diaglott by Benjamin Wilson)
- 1865 TAKE heed that ye do not your righteousness before men, to be seen by them; otherwise ye have no reward with your Father who is in heaven. (The New Testament of Our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ 1865 by American Bible Union)
- 1869 But take heed that ye do not your righteousness before men, to be seen by them; otherwise ye have no reward with your Father who is in heaven. (Noyes Translation by George Noyes)
- 1873 Take heed that ye do not your alms before men, to be seen of them: otherwise ye have no reward of your Father which is in heaven. (King James Version) by Frederick Scrivener)
- 1885 Take heed that ye do not your righteousness before men, to be seen of them: else ye have no reward with your Father which is in heaven. (Revised Version also called English Revised Version - Charles Ellicott editor)
- 1890 Take heed not to do your alms before men to be seen of them, otherwise ye have no reward with your Father who is in the heavens. (Darby Version 1890 by John Darby)
- 1898 `Take heed your kindness not to do before men, to be seen by them, and if not -- reward ye have not from your Father who `is' in the heavens; (Young's Literal Translation by Robert Young)
- 1901 Take heed that ye do not your righteousness before men, to be seen of them: else ye have no reward with your Father who is in heaven. (American Standard Version - Philip Schaff)
- 1902 [But] take heed, that ye do not, your righteousness, before men, to be gazed at by them,––otherwise at least, reward, have ye none, with your Father who is in the heavens. (The Emphasised Bible Rotherham Version)
- 1902 But take heed that you do not your righteousness before the people, in order to be seen by them: else you have no reward with your Father who is in the heavens: (Translation of the New Testament from the Original Greek by William Godbey)
- 1904 "Take heed that ye do not your righteousness before men, to be seen by them, otherwise at least ye have no reward with your Father Who is in Heaven. (The New Testament: Revised and Translated by Adolphus Worrell)
- 1904 Take care not to perform your religious duties in public in order to be seen by others; if you do, your Father who is in Heaven has no reward for you. (Twentieth Century New Testament by Ernest Malan and Mary Higgs)
- 1911 (Syrus Scofield)
- 1912 "But beware of doing your good actions in the sight of men, in order to attract their gaze; if you do, there is no reward for you with your Father who is in Heaven. (Weymouth New Testament)
- 1918 But take heed that you do not your righteousness before men, to be seen by them: other wise you have no reward with your Father who is in the heavens. (The New Testament Translated from the Sinaitic Manuscript by Henry Anderson)
- 1923 (Edgar Goodspeed)
- 1982 (New King James Version) Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson.
- 1984 (New International Version)(NIV) Holy Bible, New International Version®, NIV® Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.®
- 1995 (New American Standard Bible) NASB (©1995)
- 1999 (American King James Version)AKJV
- 2000 (King James 2000 Bible©)
- 2005 (Today’s New International Version)
- (BBE)
- 2009 (Holman Christian Standard Bible)(HCSB) Copyright © 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2009 by Holman Bible Publishers, Nashville Tennessee. All rights reserved.
- (21st Century King James Version) Copyright © 1994 by Deuel Enterprises, Inc.
- (Common English Bible) Copyright © 2011 by Common English Bible
- (GOD’S WORD Translation)(GW) Copyright © 1995 by God's Word to the Nations.
- (Contemporary English Version)(CEV) Copyright © 1995 by American Bible Society
- (New Living Translation)(NLT) Holy Bible. New Living Translation copyright© 1996, 2004, 2007, 2013 by Tyndale House Foundation.
- (Amplified Bible) Copyright © 1954, 1958, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1987 by The Lockman Foundation
- (The Message) (MSG) Copyright © 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 2000, 2001, 2002 by Eugene H. Peterson
- (New International Reader's Version) (NIRV) Copyright © 1995, 1996, 1998, 2014 by Biblica, Inc.®.
- (Wycliffe New Testament)
Foreign Language Versions
See also Bible translations into Afrikaans
Afrikaans
- 1933 (Ta Biblia Ta Logia - J. D. du Toit, E. E. van Rooyen, J. D. Kestell, H. C. M. Fourie, and BB Keet
- 1953
- 1982 Paraphrase - Die Lewende Bybel, Christelike Uitgewersmaatskappy (CUM)
- 1982 South African Bible Society - E. P. Groenewald, A. H. van Zyl, P. A. Verhoef, J. L. Helberg, and W. Kempen
- 1983 © Bybelgenootskap van Suid Afrika
- 2001 The Nuwe Wêreld-vertaling van die Heilige Skrif is an Afrikaans translation of the 1984 English translation of the Bible by the Watchtower Society.
- 2002 Die Boodskap
- 2002 DieBybel@Kinders.co.za - Gert Prinsloo, Phil Botha, Willem Boshoff, Hennie Stander, Dirk Human, Stephan Joubert, and Jan van der Watt.
- 2006 The Nuwe Lewende Vertaling (literally "New Living Translation")
- 2008 Bybel vir Almal - South African Bible Society, Bart Oberholzer, Bernard Combrink, Hermie van Zyl, Francois Tolmie, Christo van der Merwe, Rocco Hough en Elmine Roux.
- 2014 Direct Translation, South African Bible Society
- 2014 Afrikaans Standard Version, CUM Books
Akan
Albabian
Amuzgo de Guerrero
Armenian
Arabic
- 1516
- 1591
- 1616
- 1622
- 1671 Biblia Arabica. de propaganda fide. Arabic and Latin Bible printed in Rome by Abraham Ecchellensis and Louis Maracci
- احترزوا من ان تصنعوا صدقتكم قدام الناس لكي ينظروكم. والا فليس لكم اجر عند ابيكم الذي في السموات. (Arabic Smith & Van Dyke)
- 1988 Arabic Life Application Bible (ALAB) Copyright © 1988 by Biblica
- 2009 Arabic Bible: Easy-to-Read Version (ERV-AR) Copyright © 2009 by World Bible Translation Center
Aramaic/Syriac
- ܚܘܪܘ ܕܝܢ ܒܙܕܩܬܟܘܢ ܕܠܐ ܬܥܒܕܘܢܗ ܩܕܡ ܒܢܝ ܐܢܫܐ ܐܝܟ ܕܬܬܚܙܘܢ ܠܗܘܢ ܘܐܠܐ ܐܓܪܐ ܠܝܬ ܠܟܘܢ ܠܘܬ ܐܒܘܟܘܢ ܕܒܫܡܝܐ (Aramaic Peshitta)
Basque
- 1571 Beguirauçue çuen elemosyná eztaguiçuen guiçonén aitzinean heçaz ikus çaiteztençát: ezpere sariric eztuçue vkanen çuen Aita ceruètan dena baithan.
Bulgarian
- 1940 Внимавайте да не вършите [делата на] правдата си пред човеците, за да ви виждат; инак нямате награда при Отца си, Който е на небесата. (1940 Bulgarian Bible)
- Внимавайте да не вършите [делата на] правдата си пред човеците, за да ви виждат; инак нямате награда при Отца си, Който е на небесата.
(Матей 6:1) (Bulgarian Bible)
Cherokee
- 1860 Cherokee New Testament (CHR)
Chinese
- 1 (Chinese Union Version (Simplified))
- 1 (Chinese Union Version (Traditional))
- 6:1 (Chinese King James Version)
Croatian
Czech
Danish
Dutch
Esperanto
Finnish
French
- Prenez garde de ne pas faire votre aumône devant les hommes, pour être vus par eux; autrement vous n'avez pas de récompense auprès de votre Père qui est dans les cieux. (French Darby)
- 1744 Prenez garde de ne faire point votre aumône devant les hommes, pour en être regardés; autrement vous n'en recevrez point la récompense de votre Père qui est aux cieux. (Martin 1744)
- 1744 Prenez garde de ne pas faire votre aumône devant les hommes, afin d'en être vus; autrement vous n'en aurez point de récompense de votre Père qui est aux cieux. (Ostervald 1744)
- 1864 (Augustin Crampon)
- 1910
- 2006 (King James Française)
German
- 1545 Habt acht auf eure Almosen, daß ihr die nicht gebet vor den Leuten, daß ihr von ihnen gesehen werdet; ihr habt anders keinen Lohn bei eurem Vater im Himmel. (Luther 1545)
- 1871 Habet acht, daß ihr euer Almosen nicht gebet (Nach and. Les.: eure Gerechtigkeit nicht übet) vor den Menschen, um von ihnen gesehen zu werden; wenn aber nicht, so habt ihr keinen Lohn bei eurem Vater, der in den Himmeln ist. (Elberfelder 1871)
- 1912 Habt acht auf eure Almosen, daß ihr die nicht gebet vor den Leuten, daß ihr von ihnen gesehen werdet; ihr habt anders keinen Lohn bei eurem Vater im Himmel. (Luther 1912)
Greek
- 1904 (Greek Orthodox (B. Antoniades))
- Modern Greek (Trinitarian Bible Society)
Hungarian
Indonesian
Italian
- 1649 GUARDATEVI dal praticare la vostra giustizia nel cospetto degli uomini, per esser da loro riguardati; altrimenti, voi non ne avrete premio appo il Padre vostro, che è ne’ cieli. (Giovanni Diodati Bible 1649)
- 1927 Guardatevi dal praticare la vostra giustizia nel cospetto degli uomini per esser osservati da loro; altrimenti non ne avrete premio presso il Padre vostro che è nei cieli. (Riveduta Bible 1927)
Japanese
Kabyle
Khmer
Latin
- adtendite ne iustitiam vestram faciatis coram hominibus ut videamini ab eis alioquin mercedem non habebitis apud Patrem vestrum qui in caelis est Latin Vulgate
- 1527 (Erasmus 1527)
- 1527 (Erasmus Vulgate 1527)
- 1565 (Beza)
- 1598 Attendite ne iustitiam vestram exerceatis coram hominibus, ut spectemini ab eis alioqui mercedem non habebitis apud Patrem vestrum qui est in caelis. (Beza)
Latvian
Maori
- 1833
- 1837
- 1858
- 1868 (Formal translation based on the Greek 'Received Text': Trinitarian Bible Society)
- 1833
- 1952
Norwegian
Pidgin
- 1996 (Pidgin King Jems)
Portugese
Potawatomi
- 1833 (Potawatomi Matthew and Acts)
Romainian
- 1551 (Slavic-Romanian Gospel)
- 1561 (Coresi's Gospel)
- 1570 (The Braşov Psalm Book) Psalms Only
- 1582 (Palia from Orăştie)
- 1648 (The New Testament of Alba Iulia)
- 1688 (Biblia de la Bucureşti - Bucharest Bible)
- 1911 (Nitzulescu - British and Foreign Bible Society)
- 1921 (Cornilescu)
- 1924 (Cornilescu - British and Foreign Bible Society)
- 1989 (Gute Botschaft Verlag)
- 2010 (Biblia Traducerea Fidela în limba româna - Textus Receptus Based)
- 2013 (Biblia Traducerea Fidela în limba română - based upon the Textus Receptus / King James Version)
- 2014 (Biblia Traducerea Fidela în limba română - based upon the Textus Receptus / King James Version)
- 2014 (Cornilescu 90th anniversary definitive edition - British and Foreign Bible Society)
- 2015 Aveţi grijă să nu faceţi milosteniilevoastre înainteaoamenilor ca să fiţi văzuţi deei; altfel, nu aveţi răsplată de laTatăl vostru care este în cer. (Biblia Traducerea Fidela în limba româna)
Russian
- 1876 Смотрите, не творите милостыни вашей пред людьми стем, чтобы они видели вас: иначе не будет вам награды отОтца вашего Небесного. Russian Synodal Version
- Phonetically:
Sanskrit
Shur
Spanish
See Also Bible translations (Spanish)
- 1543 (Francisco de Enzinas New Testament)
- 1556 (Juan Perez de Pineda New Testament and book of Psalms)
- 1569 (Sagradas Escrituras)
- 1814 Valera Revision
- 1817 Valera Revision
- 1831 Valera Revision
- 1858 Reina Valera
- 1862 Valera Revision
- 1865 Valera Revision (American Bible Society Revisión)
- 1869 Valera Revision
- 1909 (Reina-Valera) Antigua Spanish Bible
- 1960 Versión Reina-Valera (Eugene Nida )
- 1987 Translation from English. Publisher: Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society.
- 1994 Nuevo Testamento versión Recobro
- 1997 (La Biblia de las Américas) (©1997)
- 1999 Nueva Versión Internacional (NVI)
- 2002 (1602 Purificada)
- 2009 Santa Biblia: Reina-Valera
- 1 (Reina Valera Gómez)
Swahili
- Jihadharini msije mkafanya matendo yenu mema mbele ya watu kusudi mwonekane nao. La sivyo, Baba yenu aliye mbinguni hatawapeni tuzo.
Swedish
- 1917 »Tagen eder till vara för att öva eder rättfärdighet inför människorna, för att bliva sedda av dem; annars haven I ingen lön hos eder Fader, som är i himmelen. (Swedish - Svenska 1917)
Tagalog
- 1905 Mangagingat kayo na huwag magsigawa ng katuwiran sa harap ng mga tao, upang kanilang makita: sa ibang paraan ay wala kayong ganti ng inyong Ama na nasa langit. (Ang Dating Biblia 1905)
Thai
(Thai KJV)
Turkish
Ukrainian
Urdu
- 1878 (Hindustani Roman Script)
- 1938 (Urdu Revised Version. British and Foreign Bible Society, 1938)
- 2016 (Urdu Bible)
Vietnamese
- 1934 (Ma-thi-ô 6:1 Vietnamese Bible) (VIET)
Welsh
- 1567 (William Salesbury, printed in 1567 by Humphrey Toy)
- 1588 (William Morgan)
- 1620 (William Morgan)
- 1824
- 1988 (New Welsh Bible)
- 2004
- 2011 (beibl.net 2011 by Arfon Jones)
See Also
External Links
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List of New Testament minuscules
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01 · 02 · 03 · 04 · 05 · 06 · 07 · 08 · 09 · 010 · 011 · 012 · 013 · 014 · 015 · 016 · 017 · 018 · 019 · 020 · 021 · 022 · 023 · 024 · 025 · 026 · 027 · 028 · 029 · 030 · 031 · 032 · 033 · 034 · 035 · 036 · 037 · 038 · 039 · 040 · 041 · 042 · 043 · 044 · 045 · 046 · 047 · 048 · 049 · 050 · 051 · 052 · 053 · 054 · 055 · 056 · 057 · 058 · 059 · 060 · 061 · 062 · 063 · 064 · 065 · 066 · 067 · 068 · 069 · 070 · 071 · 072 · 073 · 074 · 075 · 076 · 077 · 078 · 079 · 080 · 081 · 082 · 083 · 084 · 085 · 086 · 087 · 088 · 089 · 090 · 091 · 092 · 093 · 094 · 095 · 096 · 097 · 098 · 099 · 0100 · 0101 · 0102 · 0103 · 0104 · 0105 · 0106 · 0107 · 0108 · 0109 · 0110 · 0111 · 0112 · 0113 · 0114 · 0115 · 0116 · 0117 · 0118 · 0119 · 0120 · 0121 · 0122 · 0123 · 0124 · 0125 · 0126 · 0127 · 0128 · 0129 · 0130 · 0131 · 0132 · 0134 · 0135 · 0136 · 0137 · 0138 · 0139 · 0140 · 0141 · 0142 · 0143 · 0144 · 0145 · 0146 · 0147 · 0148 · 0149 · 0150 · 0151 · 0152 · 0153 · 0154 · 0155 · 0156 · 0157 · 0158 · 0159 · 0160 · 0161 · 0162 · 0163 · 0164 · 0165 · 0166 · 0167 · 0168 · 0169 · 0170 · 0171 · 0172 · 0173 · 0174 · 0175 · 0176 · 0177 · 0178 · 0179 · 0180 · 0181 · 0182 · 0183 · 0184 · 0185 · 0186 · 0187 · 0188 · 0189 · 0190 · 0191 · 0192 · 0193 · 0194 · 0195 · 0196 · 0197 · 0198 · 0199 · 0200 · 0201 · 0202 · 0203 · 0204 · 0205 · 0206 · 0207 · 0208 · 0209 · 0210 · 0211 · 0212 · 0213 · 0214 · 0215 · 0216 · 0217 · 0218 · 0219 · 0220 · 0221 · 0222 · 0223 · 0224 · 0225 · 0226 · 0227 · 0228 · 0229 · 0230 · 0231 · 0232 · 0234 · 0235 · 0236 · 0237 · 0238 · 0239 · 0240 · 0241 · 0242 · 0243 · 0244 · 0245 · 0246 · 0247 · 0248 · 0249 · 0250 · 0251 · 0252 · 0253 · 0254 · 0255 · 0256 · 0257 · 0258 · 0259 · 0260 · 0261 · 0262 · 0263 · 0264 · 0265 · 0266 · 0267 · 0268 · 0269 · 0270 · 0271 · 0272 · 0273 · 0274 · 0275 · 0276 · 0277 · 0278 · 0279 · 0280 · 0281 · 0282 · 0283 · 0284 · 0285 · 0286 · 0287 · 0288 · 0289 · 0290 · 0291 · 0292 · 0293 · 0294 · 0295 · 0296 · 0297 · 0298 · 0299 · 0300 · 0301 · 0302 · 0303 · 0304 · 0305 · 0306 · 0307 · 0308 · 0309 · 0310 · 0311 · 0312 · 0313 · 0314 · 0315 · 0316 · 0317 · 0318 · 0319 · 0320 · 0321 · 0322 · 0323 ·
List of New Testament lectionaries
1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25 · 25b · 26 · 27 · 28 · 29 · 30 · 31 · 32 · 33 · 34 · 35 · 36 · 37 · 38 · 39 · 40 · 41 · 42 · 43 · 44 · 45 · 46 · 47 · 48 · 49 · 50 · 51 · 52 · 53 · 54 · 55 · 56 · 57 · 58 · 59 · 60 · 61 · 62 · 63 · 64 · 65 · 66 · 67 · 68 · 69 · 70 · 71 · 72 · 73 · 74 · 75 · 76 · 77 · 78 · 79 · 80 · 81 · 82 · 83 · 84 · 85 · 86 · 87 · 88 · 89 · 90 · 91 · 92 · 93 · 94 · 95 · 96 · 97 · 98 · 99 · 100 · 101 · 102 · 103 · 104 · 105 · 106 · 107 · 108 · 109 · 110 · 111 · 112 · 113 · 114 · 115 · 116 · 117 · 118 · 119 · 120 · 121 · 122 · 123 · 124 · 125 · 126 · 127 · 128 · 129 · 130 · 131 · 132 · 133 · 134 · 135 · 136 · 137 · 138 · 139 · 140 · 141 · 142 · 143 · 144 · 145 · 146 · 147 · 148 · 149 · 150 · 151 · 152 · 153 · 154 · 155 · 156 · 157 · 158 · 159 · 160 · 161 · 162 · 163 · 164 · 165 · 166 · 167 · 168 · 169 · 170 · 171 · 172 · 173 · 174 · 175 · 176 · 177 · 178 · 179 · 180 · 181 · 182 · 183 · 184 · 185 · 186 · 187 · 188 · 189 · 190 · 191 · 192 · 193 · 194 · 195 · 196 · 197 · 198 · 199 · 200 · 201 · 202 · 203 · 204 · 205 · 206a · 206b · 207 · 208 · 209 · 210 · 211 · 212 · 213 · 214 · 215 · 216 · 217 · 218 · 219 · 220 · 221 · 222 · 223 · 224 · 225 · 226 · 227 · 228 · 229 · 230 · 231 · 232 · 233 · 234 · 235 · 236 · 237 · 238 · 239 · 240 · 241 · 242 · 243 · 244 · 245 · 246 · 247 · 248 · 249 · 250 · 251 · 252 · 253 · 254 · 255 · 256 · 257 · 258 · 259 · 260 · 261 · 262 · 263 · 264 · 265 · 266 · 267 · 268 · 269 · 270 · 271 · 272 · 273 · 274 · 275 · 276 · 277 · 278 · 279 · 280 · 281 · 282 · 283 · 284 · 285 · 286 · 287 · 288 · 289 · 290 · 291 · 292 · 293 · 294 · 295 · 296 · 297 · 298 · 299 · 300 · 301 · 302 · 303 · 304 · 305 · 306 · 307 · 308 · 309 · 310 · 311 · 312 · 313 · 314 · 315 · 316 · 317 · 318 · 319 · 320 · 321 · 322 · 323 · 324 · 325 · 326 · 327 · 328 · 329 · 330 · 331 · 332 · 368 · 449 · 451 · 501 · 502 · 542 · 560 · 561 · 562 · 563 · 564 · 648 · 649 · 809 · 965 · 1033 · 1358 · 1386 · 1491 · 1423 · 1561 · 1575 · 1598 · 1599 · 1602 · 1604 · 1614 · 1619 · 1623 · 1637 · 1681 · 1682 · 1683 · 1684 · 1685 · 1686 · 1691 · 1813 · 1839 · 1965 · 1966 · 1967 · 2005 · 2137 · 2138 · 2139 · 2140 · 2141 · 2142 · 2143 · 2144 · 2145 · 2164 · 2208 · 2210 · 2211 · 2260 · 2261 · 2263 · 2264 · 2265 · 2266 · 2267 · 2276 · 2307 · 2321 · 2352 · 2404 · 2405 · 2406 · 2411 · 2412 ·