1 Thessalonians 5:22

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New Testament 1 Thessalonians 5

ΠΡΟΣ ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΕΙΣ Α΄ 5:22 ἀπὸ παντὸς εἴδους πονηροῦ ἀπέχεσθε.

(Textus Receptus, Novum Testamentum, Theodore Beza, 5th major edition. Geneva. 1598)

1 Thessalonians 5:22 Abstain from all appearance of evil.

(King James Version, Pure Cambridge Edition 1900)

1 Thessalonians 5:22 Abstain from every appearance of evil.

(King James Version 2016 Edition, 2016) - buy the revised and updated printed 2023 Edition New Testament here

Interlinear

Commentary

There is a translational difference in many modern versions in comparison to the KJV. This is even seen among TR based bibles:

1900 “Abstain from all appearance of evil.” (KJV 1900)

1982 “ Abstain from every form of evil.” (NKJV 1982)

2016 “Abstain from every appearance of evil.” (KJV 2016)

The NKJV says we should abstain from every form (or kind) of evil. With this rendering, the thing has to be evil itself and not just have the “appearance” of evil.

Concerning this, James White says:

"Here is the difference between the NKJV's "Abstain from every FORM of evil" and the KJV's "Abstain from every APPEARANCE of evil." The word that is translated differently, 'eidos,' can mean "form, outward appearance," but it also can mean "kind." The NKJV captures both possibilities with "form," while the KJV's rendering limits us to only one of the two possible meanings of the term." (The King James Only Controversy, page 116.)

James White is in error here, as the NKJV's "form" is the one that actually limits it to that which is actually evil, while the KJV reading of "appearance" refers to that which may not be evil in itself, but it can appear to be so to others and cause them to stumble in some way. The NKJV does not "capture both possibilities" as White claimed at all. The meaning of the NKJV and KJV are not synonymous here. Daniel Wallace has also written an erroneous article on this topic. [1]

Not being a textual variant issue, but a translation issue, understanding the Greek definition helps clear up this issue. The Greek word for “appearance” (or form) is the same - ειδους. This word idos is only found 5 times in the New Testament and it comes from the verb “to see”. So the basic meaning of the word has to do with “that which is seen”. In the KJV has:

Luke 3:22 - “the Holy Ghost descended in a bodily shape like a dove”

John 5:37 - “Ye have neither heard his voice at any time, nor seen his shape.”

Luke 9:29 - “And as he prayed, the fashion of his countenance was altered”.

2 Corinthians 5:7 - “For we walk by faith, not by sight”.

1 Thessalonians 5:22 - “Abstain from all appearance of evil.”

The NASB 1995 that James White and Daniel Wallace worked on reads “Abstain from every form of evil.” Yet it footnotes “or appearance”.

Appearance was clearly understood by commentators of the scriptures. Matthew Henry said:

We should therefore abstain from evil, and all appearances of evil, from sin, and that which looks like sin, leads to it, and borders upon it. He who is not shy of the appearances of sin, who shuns not the occasions of sin, and who avoids not the temptations and approaches to sin, will not long abstain from the actual commission of sin.

John Gill said:

Abstain from all appearance of evil. Of doctrinal evil. Not only open error and heresy are to be avoided, but what has any show of it, or looks like it, or carries in it a suspicion of it, or may be an occasion thereof, or lead unto it; wherefore all new words and phrases of this kind should be shunned, and the form of sound words held fast”

Adam Clarke has:

Abstain from all appearance of evil - Sin not, and avoid even the appearance of it. Do not drive your morality so near the bounds of evil as to lead even weak persons to believe that ye actually touch, taste, or handle it. Let not the form of it, ειδος, appear with or among you, much less the substance.

Matthew Poole’s Annotations says:

as in worship to abstain from the show of idolatry; as to eat meat in an idol’s temple was not always gross idolatry, but had some appearance of it, and therefore the apostle forbids it, 1 Corinthians 10:14.

Greek

Textus Receptus

1514 (Complutensian Polyglot)

Desiderius Erasmus

1516 (Erasmus 1st Novum Instrumentum omne)
1519 (Erasmus 2nd)
1522 (Erasmus 3rd Novum Testamentum omne)
1527 (Erasmus 4th)
1535 (Erasmus 5th)

Colinæus

1534 (Colinæus)

Stephanus (Robert Estienne)

1546 (Robert Estienne (Stephanus) 1st)
1549 (Robert Estienne (Stephanus) 2nd)
1550 (Robert Estienne (Stephanus) 3rd - Editio Regia)
1551 (Robert Estienne (Stephanus) 4th)

Theodore Beza

1565 (Beza 1st)
1565 (Beza Octavo 1st)
1567 (Beza Octavo 2nd)
1580 (Beza Octavo 3rd)
1582 (Beza 2nd)
1589 (Beza 3rd)
1590 (Beza Octavo 4th)
1598 (Beza 4th)

1604 (Beza Octavo 5th)

Elzevir

1624 (Elzevir)
1633 (Elzevir)
1641 (Elzevir)

Scholz

1841 (Scholz)

Scrivener

1894 (? ????? ???T???)

Other Greek

1857 (Tregelles' Greek New Testament)
(Tischendorf 8th Ed.)
1881 (Westcott & Hort)
(Greek orthodox Church)

Anglo Saxon Translations

1000 (Anglo-Saxon Gospels Manuscript 140, Corpus Christi College by Aelfric)

1200 (Anglo-Saxon Gospels Hatton Manuscript 38, Bodleian Library by unknown author)

English Translations

1380 (Wyclif's Bible by John Wycliffe)

1395 (Wyclif's Bible by John Wycliffe)

1534 (Tyndale Bible by William Tyndale)

1535 (Coverdale Bible)

1539 (Great Bible First Edition - Miles Coverdale)

1540 (Great Bible Second Edition - Miles Coverdale)

1549 (Matthew's Bible - John Rogers)

1557 (Geneva 1557)

1560 (Geneva Bible) First Edition

1568 (Bishop's Bible First Edition

1582 (Rheims 1582)

1587 (Geneva Bible) by William Whittingham

1599 (Geneva Bible) by William Whittingham

1611 (King James Version)

1729 (Mace New Testament)

1745 (Mr. Whiston's Primitive New Testament)

1762 (King James Version)

1769 (King James Version - Benjamin Blayney)

1770 (Worsley Version by John Worsley)

1790 (Wesley Version by John Wesley)

1795 (A Translation of the New Testament from the Original Greek by Thomas Haweis)

1833 (Webster Version - by Noah Webster)

1835 (Living Oracles by Alexander Campbell)

1849 (Etheridge Translation by John Etheridge)

1850 (King James Version by Committee)

1851 (Murdock Translation)

1855 Calvin Bible by the Calvin Translation Society

1858 (The New Testament Translated from the Original Greek by Leicester Sawyer)

1865 (The Emphatic Diaglott by Benjamin Wilson)

1865 (The New Testament of Our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ 1865 by American Bible Union)

1869 (Noyes Translation by George Noyes)

1873 (King James Version) by Frederick Scrivener)

1885 (Revised Version also called English Revised Version - Charles Ellicott editor)

1890 (Darby Version 1890 by John Darby)

1898 (Young's Literal Translation by Robert Young)

1901 (American Standard Version - Philip Schaff)

1902 (The Emphasised Bible Rotherham Version)

1902 (Translation of the New Testament from the Original Greek by William Godbey)

1904 (The New Testament: Revised and Translated by Adolphus Worrell)

1904 (Twentieth Century New Testament by Ernest Malan and Mary Higgs)

1911 (Syrus Scofield)

1912 (Weymouth New Testament)

1918 (The New Testament Translated from the Sinaitic Manuscript by Henry Anderson)

1923 (Edgar Goodspeed)

1982 (New King James Version)

1984 (New International Version)

1995 (New American Standard Bible) (©1995)

1999 (American King James Version)AKJV

2005 (Today’s New International Version)

Foreign Language Versions

Arabic

امتنعوا عن كل شبه شر. (Arabic Smith & Van Dyke)

Aramaic

(Aramaic Peshitta)

Basque

Gaizquiaren irudi orotaric beguira çaitezte.

Bulgarian

1940 (Bulgarian Bible)

Chinese

1 各样的恶事要禁戒不做。 (Chinese Union Version (Simplified))

1 各樣的惡事要禁戒不做。 (Chinese Union Version (Traditional))

French

Abstenez-vous de toute forme de mal. (French Darby)

1744 Abstenez-vous de toute apparence de mal. (Martin 1744)

1744 (Ostervald 1744)

German

1545 (Luther 1545)

1871 (Elberfelder 1871)

1912 Meidet allen bösen Schein. (Luther 1912)

Italian

1649 Astenetevi da ogni apparenza di male. (Giovanni Diodati Bible 1649)

1927 astenetevi da ogni specie di male. (Riveduta Bible 1927)

Japanese

1928 (Naoji Nagai)

Latin

ab omni specie mala abstinete vos Latin Vulgate

1527 (Erasmus 1527)

1527 (Erasmus Vulgate 1527)

Pidgin

1996 (Pidgin King Jems)

Romainian

2010 (Biblia Traducerea Fidela în limba româna)

Russian

1876 Удерживайтесь от всякого рода зла. Russian Synodal Version

Phonetically:

Spanish

(RVG Spanish)

Swedish

1917 avhållen eder från allt ont, av vad slag det vara må. (Swedish - Svenska 1917)

Tagalog

1905 Layuan ninyo ang bawa't anyo ng masama. (Ang Dating Biblia 1905)

Tok Pisin

1996 (Tok Pisin King Jems)

Vietnamese

1934 Bất cứ việc gì tựa như điều ác, thì phải tránh đi. (VIET)

External Links

The King James Version 2023 Edition New Testament is now complete and in print format here.

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Marginal Notes in the 1611 Authorized Version

Ephesians 3:9

Why We Should Not Passover Easter 1, 2, & 3

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