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What is the Textus Receptus?

Erasmus did not "invent" the Textus Receptus, but mearly printed a small collection of what was already the vast majority of New Testament Manuscripts. The first printed Greek New Testament was the Complutensian Polyglot (1514) but was not published until eight years later, Erasmus' was the second Greek New Testament printed and published in (1516).
Erasmus did not "invent" the Textus Receptus, but mearly printed a small collection of what was already the vast majority of New Testament Manuscripts. The first printed Greek New Testament was the Complutensian Polyglot (1514) but was not published until eight years later, Erasmus' was the second Greek New Testament printed and published in (1516).

Textus Receptus (Latin: "received text") is the name subsequently given to the succession of printed Greek texts of the New Testament which constituted the translation base for the original German Luther Bible, for the translation of the New Testament into English by William Tyndale, the King James Version, and for most other Reformation-era New Testament translations throughout Western and Central Europe.

The origin of the term "Textus Receptus" comes from the publisher's preface to the 1633 edition produced by Bonaventure and Abraham Elzevir, two brothers and printers at Leiden:

textum ergo habes, nunc ab omnibus receptum, in quo nihil immulatum aut corruptum damus, translated "so you hold the text, now received by all, in which nothing corrupt."

The two words, textum and receptum, were modified from the accusative to the nominative case to render textus receptus. Over time, this term has been retroactively applied to Erasmus' editions, as his work served as the basis of others that followed. Many supporters of the Textus Receptus will name any manuscript which agrees with the Textus Receptus Greek as a "Textus Receptus" type manuscript. This can also apply to early church quotations and language versions.

Erasmus updated his "Textus Receptus" in 1519, 1522, and 1527. Stephanus also edited the Textus Receptus in 1546, 1549, 1550 (Editio Regia), and 1551. Beza edited the Textus Receptus nine times between 1565 and 1604. The Authorised Version translators used the 1598 of Beza, a disciple of John Calvin, who both had access to Waldensian versions and manuscripts.

Erasmus used seven manuscripts in his first edition. The text of the Gospel was based on the codex 2, and the text of the Pauline epistles was based on the codex 2816.

The title on the cover for the Textus Receptus printed by the Trinitarian Bible Society is Η ΚΑΙΝΗ ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ which is Greek for The New Testament or The New Covenant.

The Hebrew Masoretic Text is considered to be the Old Testament Textus Receptus, or the text received by the Hebrews as the word of God. The Masoretic Text is widely used as the basis for translations of the Old Testament in Protestant Bibles. In modern times the Dead Sea Scrolls have shown the MT to be nearly identical to some texts of the Tanakh dating from 200 BCE.


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