IPA for Russian

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Russian language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

See Russian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Russian.

IPA Examples IPA Examples<ref>Russian makes contrasts between palatalized ("soft") and unpalatalized ("hard") consonants. Palatalized consonants, denoted by a superscript j, ‹ ʲ› , are pronounced with the body of the tongue raised toward the hard palate, in a manner similar to the articulation of the y sound in yes. /j/, /ɕɕ/, /tɕ/, /ʑʑ/ are also considered "soft".</ref> English equivalents Consonants Template:IPAlink бок; небо bʲ белый; воробей boot; beautiful Template:IPAlink дом; деда dʲ делает; Владимир do; dew (for some dialects) Template:IPAlink фата; выставка;<ref name="voice"/> Чехов;<ref name="devoice"/> шурф fʲ фея; червь<ref name="devoice"/> fool; few Template:IPAlink говорю; другой ɡʲ гербарий; ноги goo; ague Template:IPAlink Господь, Господи;<ref name="g2">In some religious words such as Бог and Господь, as well as interjections, ‹г› and ‹к› represent [ɣ] and [x], respectively. When /ɡ/ loses its voicing, it is also lenited (a form of dissimilation) before plosives in some words.</ref> interj. ага, ого<ref name="g2"/> Template:IPAlink есть; юла; я; толстый <ref>The "soft" vowel letters <е> <ю> and <я> represent a /j/ plus a vowel when initial or following other vowels or a yer. When such vowels are unstressed, the /j/ may be deleted.</ref> yes, boy Template:IPAlink кость; книга; рука; бок kʲ кишки; короткий cool; cute Template:IPAlink луна; стула ; ствол<ref> /l/ is often strongly pharyngealized but this feature is nondistinctive Template:Harvcol.</ref> lʲ лес; колено; мысль pill; least Template:IPAlink мыло; думать; там mʲ мясо; доме moot; mute Template:IPAlink нос; он nʲ нёс; они; корень noon; newt (for some dialects) Template:IPAlink пыль; стопа; скрип; зуб<ref name="devoice">Voiced obstruents (/b/, /bʲ/, /d/, /dʲ/ /ɡ/, /v/, /vʲ/, /z/, /zʲ/, /ʐ/, and /ʑʑ/) are devoiced word-finally unless the next word begins with a voiced obstruent Template:Harvcol.</ref> pʲ пепел; зыбь<ref name="devoice"/> pool; pew Template:IPAlink рыба; широкий; орла; жир rʲ река; четыре; три; зверь trilled r, like in Spanish Template:IPAlink собака; писать; нос; глаз<ref name="devoice"/> sʲ синий; здесь; есть; грызть<ref name="voice"/> soup; super (for some dialects) Template:IPAlink широкий; наш; хороший; муж;<ref name="devoice"/> что Template:IPAlink щегол; считать; мужчина; вращать <ref name="щ">While some speakers pronounce words with <щ> as [ɕɕ] and some as [ɕtɕ], none contrast the two pronunciations, even in words where this sound is spelled with other letters.</ref> shop; fresh cheese, fish show Template:IPAlink тот; читаю; водка;<ref name="voice">In consonant clusters, the voicing or devoicing is determined by that of the final obstruent in the sequence Template:Harvcol</ref> лёд<ref name="devoice"/> tʲ тереть; дитя; грудь<ref name="devoice"/> tool; tune (for some dialects) Template:IPAlink цель; птица; отец Template:IPAlink чай; печень; течь tsunami, cats; chip Template:IPAlink ваш; давать; его<ref name="g">Intervocalic <г> can represent /v/ in certain words and affixes</ref> vʲ вести; человек voodoo; view Template:IPAlink ходить; ухо; Бог<ref name="g2"/> xʲ хина; лёгкий<ref name="voice"/><ref name="g2"/> bach; huge (for some dialects).</ref> Template:IPAlink заезжать; язык zʲ зелёный; озеро; просьба;<ref name="voice"/> zoo; azure (for some dialects) Template:IPAlink жест; тяжёлый Template:IPAlink дрожжи; заезжать<ref>The phoneme /ʑʑ/ is in many dialects is replaced with /ʐ/.</ref> rouge; asia

IPA Examples English equivalent Stressed vowels Template:IPAlink трава́ ton Template:IPAlink пять pat Template:IPAlink па́лка <ref> [ɑ] appears between a hard consonant (or a pause) and /l/</ref> palm Template:IPAlink пень pay Template:IPAlink жест met Template:IPAlink си́него meet Template:IPAlink ты roses (for some dialects) Template:IPAlink о́блако chore Template:IPAlink тётя audio Template:IPAlink пу́ля moon Template:IPAlink чуть choose Unstressed vowels Template:IPAlink паро́м; сообража́ть; стопа́ bud Template:IPAlink ко́жа; ше́я; облако about Template:IPAlink тяжёлый; эта́п; четы́ре bit Template:IPAlink дыша́ть; жена́; го́ды dinner Template:IPAlink юти́ться youth Template:IPAlink мужчи́на put Other symbols used in transcription of Russian pronunciation IPA Explanation ˈ Stress (placed before the stressed syllable), for example этап [ɪˈtap]

See also

• Russian phonology
• Wikipedia:Romanization of Russian