New Testament papyrus

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Verso of Papyrus 37

A New Testament papyrus is a copy of a portion of the New Testament made on papyrus. To date, over one hundred and twenty such papyri are known. In general, they are considered the earliest and best witnesses to the original text of the New Testament.<ref>Nestle-Aland 1996</ref>

This elite status among New Testament manuscripts only began in the 20th century. The grouping was first introduced by Caspar René Gregory, who assigned papyri texts the Blackletter character followed by a superscript number. Before 1900, only 9 papyri manuscripts were known, and only one had been cited in a critical apparatus (11 by Constantin von Tischendorf). These 9 papyri were just single fragments, except for <math>\mathfrak{P}</math>15, which consisted of a single whole leaf.[] The discoveries of the twentieth century brought about the earliest known New Testament manuscript fragments.<ref><math>\mathfrak{P}</math>52, 90 , 98 , and 104 all dating to the 2nd century</ref> Kenyon in 1912 knew 14 papyri,[] Aland in his first edition of Kurzgefasste... in 1963 - enumerated 76 papyri, in 1989 - were known 96 papyri, and in 2008 - 124 papyri.

Discoveries were also made of more complete manuscripts, which allowed scholars to examine the textual character of these early manuscripts.<ref><math>\mathfrak{P}</math>66, <math>\mathfrak{P}</math>72, and <math>\mathfrak{P}</math>75 of the Bodmer Papyri are notable in this regard. In fact, the preservation level of <math>\mathfrak{P}</math>66 surprised scholars because the first 26 leaves were basically fully intact, and even the stitching of the binding remained.</ref>

Not all of the manuscripts are simply New Testament texts: 59, 60, 63, 80 are texts with commentaries, 2, <math>\mathfrak{P}</math>³, and 44 are lectionaries, <math>\mathfrak{P}</math>50, <math>\mathfrak{P}</math>55, <math>\mathfrak{P}</math>78 are talismans, <math>\mathfrak{P}</math>42; <math>\mathfrak{P}</math>10, <math>\mathfrak{P}</math>12, 43, 62, 99 belong to other miscellaneous texts, such as writing scraps, glossaries, or songs.[]

Every papyrus is cited in Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece.

List of all registered New Testament papyri

  • The P-numbers are the standard system of Gregory-Aland.
  • Dates are estimated to the nearest 50 year increment.
  • Content is given to the nearest chapter; verses are not listed. Thus, many of the papyri are small fragments, not whole chapters. For instance, 𝔓52 contains 8 verses out of the 40 verses in John chapter 18.
Manuscripts in beige rows belong to the Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Manuscripts in light cyan rows belong to the Bodmer Papyri
Manuscripts in light pink rows belong to the Chester Beatty Papyri
Name Date Content Institution Ref # City, State Country
1 250 Matthew 1 University of Pennsylvania P. Oxy. 2; E 2746 Philadelphia
Pennsylvania 		U.S.
2 550 John 12 National Archaeological Museum Inv. 7134 Florence Italy
3 600 Luke 7, 10 Österreichische Nationalbibliothek Pap. G. 2323 Vienna Austria
4 175-250 Luke 1-6 National Library of France Suppl. Gr. 1120 Paris France
5 250 John 1, 16, 20 British Library P. Oxy. 208. 1781; Inv. 782. 2484 London UK
6 350 John 10, 11 Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire Pap. copt. 379. 381. 382. 384 Strasbourg France
7 300(?) Luke 4 Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine Petrov 553 Kiev Ukraine
8 350 Acts 4-6 Staatliche Museen zu Berlin Inv. 8683 Berlin Germany
9 250 1 John 4 Houghton Library, Harvard P. Oxy. 402; Inv. 3736 Cambridge
Massachusetts 		U.S.
10 350 Romans 1 Houghton Library, Harvard P. Oxy. 209; Inv. 2218 Cambridge
Massachusetts 		U.S.
11 550 1 Corinthians 1-7 Russian National Library Gr. 258A Saint Petersburg Russia
12 250 Hebrews 1 Morgan Library & Museum Pap. Gr. 3; P. Amherst 3b New York City U.S.
13 250 Hebrews 2-5,10-12 British Library
Laurentian Library 		P. Oxy. 657; Inv. 1532 v
PSI 1292 		London
Florence 		UK
Italy
14 450 1 Corinthians 1-3 Saint Catherine's Monastery 14 Sinai Egypt
15 250 1 Corinthians 7-8 Egyptian Museum P. Oxy. 1008; JE 47423 Cairo Egypt
16 300 Philippians 3-4 Egyptian Museum P. Oxy. 1009; JE 47424 Cairo Egypt
17 350 Hebrews 9 Cambridge University Library P. Oxy. 1078; Add. 5893 Cambridge UK
18 300 Revelation 1 † British Library P. Oxy. 1079; Inv. 2053v London UK
19 400 Matthew 10-11 † Bodleian Library P. Oxy. 1170; Gr. bibl. d. 6 (P) Oxford UK
20 250 James 2-3 † Harvey S. Firestone Memorial Library P. Oxy. 1171; AM 4117 Princeton
New Jersey 		U.S.
21 400 Matthew 12 † Muhlenberg College P. Oxy. 1227; Theol. Pap. 3 Allentown
Pennsylvania 		U.S.
22 250 John 15-16 † Glasgow University Library P. Oxy. 1228; MS 2-X.I Glasgow UK
23 250 James 1 † University of Illinois P. Oxy. 1229; G. P. 1229 Urbana, Illinois U.S.
24 350 Revelation 5-6 † Franklin Trask Library
Andover Newton Theological School 		P. Oxy. 1230; OP 1230 Newton
Massachusetts 		U.S.
25 350 Matthew 18-19 † Staatliche Museen zu Berlin Inv. 16388 Berlin Germany
26 600 Romans 1 † (Joseph S) Bridwell Library
Southern Methodist University 		P. Oxy. 1354 Dallas, Texas U.S.
27 250 Romans 8-9 † Cambridge University Library P. Oxy. 1355; Add. 7211 Cambridge UK
28 250 John 6 † Palestine Institute Museum
Pacific School of Religion 		P. Oxy. 1596; Pap. 2 Berkeley
California 		U.S.
29 250 Acts 26 † Bodleian Library P. Oxy. 1597; Gr. bibl. g. 4 (P) Oxford UK
30 250 1 Ths 4-5; 2 Ths 1 Ghent University Library P. Oxy. 1598; Inv. 61 Ghent Belgium
31 650 Romans 12 † John Rylands University Library P. Ryl. 4; Gr. P. 4 Manchester UK
32 200 Titus 1-2 † John Rylands University Library P. Ryl. 5; G. P. 5 Manchester UK
33 550 Acts 7 † Österreichische Nationalbibliothek Pap. G. 17973, 26133, 35831, 39783 Vienna Austria
34 650 1 Co 16; 2 Co 5,10-11 Österreichische Nationalbibliothek Pap. G. 39784 Vienna Austria
35 350(?) Matthew 25 Medici Library PSI 1 Florence Italy
36 550 John 3 Medici Library PSI 3 Florence Italy
37 300 Matthew 26 University of Michigan P. Mich. 137; Inv. 1570 Ann Arbor
Michigan 		U.S.
38 300 Acts 18-19 University of Michigan P. Mich. 138; Inv. 1571 Ann Arbor
Michigan 		U.S.
39 250 John 8 Ambrose Swasey Library P. Oxy. 1780; Inv. 8864 Rochester
New York 		U.S.
40 250 Romans 1-4,6,9 Institute for Papyrology
University of Heidelberg 		P. Bad. 57; Inv. 45 Heidelberg Germany
41 750 Acts 17-22 Österreichische Nationalbibliothek Pap. K. 7541-48 Vienna Austria
42 700 Luke 1-2 Österreichische Nationalbibliothek Pap. K. 8706 Vienna Austria
43 600 Revelation 2,15-16 British Library Inv. 2241 London UK
44a 600 John 10 Metropolitan Museum of Art Inv. 14. 1. 527, 1 fol New York City U.S.
44b 600 Matthew 17-18,25; John 9,12 Metropolitan Museum of Art Inv. 14. 1. 527 New York City U.S.
45 250 Mt 20-21,25-26; Mk 4-9,11-12;

Lk 6-7,9-14; Jn 4-5,10-11; Acts 4-17

Chester Beatty Library
Austrian National Library 		P. Chest. B. I
Pap. g. 31974 		Dublin
Vienna 		Ireland
Austria
46 200 Ro 5-6,8-16; 1 Co; 2 Co;

Gal; Eph; Php; Col; 1 Th; Heb

Chester Beatty Library
University of Michigan 		P. Chest. B. II
Inv. 6238 		Dublin
Ann Arbor, Michigan 		Ireland
U.S.
47 250 Revelation 9-17 Chester Beatty Library P. Chest. B. III Dublin Ireland
48 250 Acts 23 Medici Library PSI 1165 Florence Italy
49 250 Ephesians 4-5 Yale University Library P. 415 New Haven
Connecticut 		U.S.
50 400 Acts 8,10 Yale University Library P. 1543 New Haven
Connecticut 		U.S.
51 400 Galatians 1 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 2157 Oxford UK
52 150 John 18,31-33.37-38 John Rylands University Library Gr. P. 457 Manchester UK
53 250 Matthew 26; Acts 9-10 University of Michigan Inv. 6652 Ann Arbor
Michigan 		U.S.
54 500 James 2-3 Princeton University Library P. Princ. 15; Garrett Depots 7742 Princeton
New Jersey 		U.S.
55 600 John 1 Österreichische Nationalbibliothek Pap. G. 26214 Vienna Austria
56 500 Acts 1 Österreichische Nationalbibliothek Pap. G. 19918 Vienna Austria
57 400 Acts 4-5 Österreichische Nationalbibliothek Pap. G. 26020 Vienna Austria
58 550 Acts 15 † Österreichische Nationalbibliothek Pap. G. 17973, 26133, 35831, 39783 Vienna Austria
59 650 John 1-2,11-12,17-18,21 Morgan Library & Museum P. Colt 3 New York City U.S.
60 650 John 16-19 Morgan Library & Museum P. Colt 4 New York City U.S.
61 700 Ro 16; 1 Co 1,5; Php 3; Col 1,4;

1 Th 1; Tit 3; Phm

Pierpont Morgan Library P. Colt 5 New York City U.S.
62 350 Matthew 11 Oslo University Library Inv. 1661 Oslo Norway
63 500 John 3-4 Staatliche Museen zu Berlin Inv. 11914 Berlin Germany
64 200 Matthew 3,5,26 Magdalen College
Fundación Sant Lluc Evangelista 		Gr. 18
Inv. I 		Oxford
Barcelona 		UK
Spain
65 250 1 Thessalonians 1-2 Girolamo Vitelli Papyrological Institute PSI 1373 Florence Italy
66 200 John Bodmer library P. Bodmer II Cologny, Geneva Switzerland
67 200 Matthew 3,5,26 Magdalen College
Fundación Sant Lluc Evangelista 		Gr. 18
Inv. I 		Oxford
Barcelona 		UK
Spain
68 650(?) 1 Corinthians 4-5 Russian National Library Gr. 258B Saint Petersburg Russia
69 250 Luke 22 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 2383 Oxford UK
70 250 Matthew 2-3,11-12,24 Ashmolean Museum
Girolamo Vitelli Papyrological Institute 		P. Oxy. 2384
CNR 419, 420 		Oxford
Florence 		UK
Italy
71 350 Matthew 19 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 2385 Oxford UK
72 300 1 Peter; 2 Peter; Jude Bodmer library P. Bodmer VII, VIII Cologny, Geneva Switzerland
73 650 Matthew 25-26 Bodmer library P. Bodmer L Cologny, Geneva Switzerland
74 650 Acts; James; 1 Pe 1-3; 2 Pe 2-3;

1 Jo; 2 Jo; 3 Jo

Bodmer library P. Bodmer XVII Cologny, Geneva Switzerland
75 175-225 Luke 3-18,22-24; John 1-15 Vatican Apostolic Library P. Bodmer XIV, XV Vatican City Vatican City
76 550 John 4 Österreichische Nationalbibliothek Pap. G. 36102 Vienna Austria
77 200 Matthew 23 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 2683 Oxford UK
78 300 Jude Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 2684 Oxford UK
79 650 Hebrews 10 Staatliche Museen zu Berlin Inv. 6774 Berlin Germany
80 250 John 3 Fundación Sant Lluc Evangelista Inv. 83 Barcelona Spain
81 350 1 Peter 2-3 Professor Sergio Daris, University of Trieste Inv. 20 Trieste Italy
82 400 Luke 7 National and University Library of Strasbourg Gr. 2677 Strasbourg France
83 550 Matthew 20,23-24 Catholic University of Leuven Library P. A. M. Kh. Mird 16, 29 Leuven Belgium
84 550 Mark 2,6; John 5,17 Catholic University of Leuven Library P. A. M. Kh. Mird 4, 11 Leuven Belgium
85 400 Revelation 9-10 Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire Gr. 1028 Strasbourg France
87 350 Matthew 5 Institut für Altertumskunde
University of Cologne 		Theol. 5516 Cologne Germany
87 250 Philemon Institut für Altertumskunde
University of Cologne 		Theol. 12 Cologne Germany
88 350 Mark 2 Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Inv. 69.24 Milan Italy
89 350 Hebrews 6 Medici Library PL III/292 Florence Italy
90 150 John 18-19 † Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 3523; 65 6 B. 32/M (3-5)a Oxford UK
91 250 Acts 2:30-37;
2:46-3:2 		Università degli Studi di Milano
Macquarie University 		P. Mil. Vofl. Inv. 1224
P. Macquarie inv. 360 		Milan
Sydney 		Italy
Australia
92 300 Ephesians 1; 2 Thessalonians 1 Egyptian Museum PNarmuthis 69.39a/229a Cairo Egypt
93 450 John 13 † Girolamo Vitelli Papyrological Institute PSI 108 Florence Italy
94 500 Romans 6 Egyptian Museum P. Cair. 10730 Cairo Egypt
95 250 John 5 Medici Library PL II/31 Florence Italy
96 550 Matthew 3 Österreichische Nationalbibliothek Pap. K 7244 Vienna Austria
97 600 Luke 14 Chester Beatty Library p. Chester B. XVII Dublin Ireland
98 150(?) Revelation 1 Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale P. IFAO inv. 237b Cairo Egypt
99 400 Glossary, words and phrases from:

Ro, 2 Co, Gal and Eph

Chester Beatty Library P. Chester B. Ac. 1499, fol 11-14 Dublin Ireland
100 300 James 3-5 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4449 Oxford UK
101 250 Matthew 3-4 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4401 Oxford UK
102 300 Matthew 4 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4402 Oxford UK
103 200 Matthew 13-14 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4403 Oxford UK
104 150 Matthew 21 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4404 Oxford UK
105 500 Matthew 27-28 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4406 Oxford UK
106 250 John 1 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4445 Oxford UK
107 250 John 17 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4446 Oxford UK
108 250 John 17/18 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4447 Oxford UK
109 250 John 21 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4448 Oxford UK
110 300 Matthew 10:13-15,25-27 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4494 Oxford UK
111 250 Luke 17 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4495 Oxford UK
112 450 Acts 26-27 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4496 Oxford UK
113 250 Romans 2 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4497 Oxford UK
114 250 Hebrews 1 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4498 Oxford UK
115 300 Revelation 2-3,5-6,8-15 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4499 Oxford UK
116 600 Hebrews 2-3 Austrian National Library P. Vindob. G 42417 Vienna Austria
117 400 2 Corinthians 7 State Museum Inv. 1002 Hamburg Germany
118 250 Romans 15-16 Institut für Altertumskunde
University of Cologne 		Inv. 10311 Cologne Germany
119 250 John 1 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4803[] Oxford UK
120 350 John 1 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4804<v> Oxford UK
121 250 John 19 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4805[] Oxford UK
122 400 John 21 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4806[] Oxford UK
123[] 350 1 Corinthians 14-15 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4844 Oxford UK
124[] 550 2 Corinthians 11 Ashmolean Museum P. Oxy. 4845 Oxford UK

Distribution based on content

Distribution of Papyri Witness for each New Testament book
NT Book Total Early NT Book Total Early
Matthew 23 11 1 Timothy 0 0
Mark 3 1 2 Timothy 0 0
Luke 10 6 Titus 2 1
John 30 19 Philemon 2 1
Acts 14 7 Hebrews 8 4
Romans 10 5 James 6 4
1 Corinthians 8 3 1 Peter 3 1
2 Corinthians 4 2 2 Peter 2 1
Galatians 2 1 1 John 2 1
Ephesians 3 3 2 John 1 0
Philippians 3 2 3 John 1 0
Colossians 2 1 Jude 3 2
1 Thessalonians 4 3 Revelation 7 4
2 Thessalonians 2 2

Note: "Early" manuscripts are manuscripts from the fourth century or earlier. Roughly half of the papyri are "early". Some manuscripts contain content from more than one New Testament book, so the numbers above do not directly correspond to the total number of manuscripts.<ref>NOT Aland 1996, p. 85</ref>

See also

Lists
Other articles

Notes

References

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