Vulgata Sixtina
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The Vulgata Sixtina was a Latin edition of the Bible from 1590, prepared on the orders of Pope Sixtus V. It was the first edition of the Latin Vulgate authorised by a pope, but its official recognition was short-lived.
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Three committees
On 8 April 1546 the Council of Trent required that Vulgate it be printed quam emendatissime (fewest possible faults).[] There was no authoritative edition at that time.[]
The first committee was appointed by Pope Pius IV in 1561 to undertake the work, but the committee worked slowly and ineffectively. The second committee was appointed by Pope Pius V in 1569 (Congregatio pro emendatione Bibliorum), with four Cardinals Marcus Antonius, Sirleto, Madrutius, and Antonio Carafa.[][] The committee was resolved under the Pope Gregory XIII.[]
The Pope Sixtus V had appointed the 3rd committee of scholars to continue cease work. The committee was under the presidency of Cardinal Carafa. The work was prepared on the basis of the edition of Robertus Stephanus from Louvain (1583) and good manuscripts were used as authorities, including notably Codex Amiatinus.[] Carafa presented the result of their work, in the beginning of 1589, but Sixtus rejected their work and in 18 months prepared another text he corrected to agree with the Greek and Hebrew,[] He used Codex Carafianus,[] but it was hurried into print and suffered from many printing errors.[] In May 1590 the completed work was issued from the press in three volumes.[]
The full title of edition was: Biblica Sacra Vulgatae editionnis, ad Concilii Tridenti praescriptum emendata et a Sixto V P. M. recognita et approbata.[] The edition was preceded by the Bull Aeternus Ille (1 March 1590), in which the Pope declared the authenticity of the new Bible, the Vulgata Sixtina.[] This edition was short-lived, because of its textual inaccuracy.[]
On 27 August Sixtus V died, and on 5 September the college of Cardinals stopped all further sales, bought and destroyed as many copies as possible.[] The official pretext for this action was the inaccuracy of its printing, it is thought that the attack against the edition had been instigated by the Jesuits, whom Sixtus had offended by putting one of Bellarmine's books on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum.[]
Vulgata Sixtina is cited only in some present critical editions and it is designated by siglum vgs.[]
Some differences to the Louvain edition
In Book of Genesis 40-50 43 corrections were made (on the basis of Codex Carafianus):[]
<poem> 40,8 – nunquam ] numquam 40,14 – tibi bene ] bene tibi 41,13 – quicquid ] quidquid 41,19 – nunquam ] numquam 41,20 – pecoribus ] prioribus 41,39 – nunquid ] numquid 41,55 – quicquid ] quidquid 42,4 – quicquam ] quidquam 42,11 – quicquam ] quidquam 42,13 – at illi dixerunt ] at illi 42,22 – nunquid ] numquid 42,38 – adversitatis ] adversi 43,3 – denuntiavit ] denunciavit 43,5 – denuntiavit ] denunciavit 43,7 – nunquid ] numquid 43,19 – dispensatorem ] dispensatorem domus 43,30 – lachrymae ] lacrymae 44,4 – ait surge ] surge 44,29 – maerore ]moerore 45,13 – nuntiate ] nunciate 45,20 – dimittatis ] demittatis 45,20 – auicquam ] quidquam 45,23 – tantundem ] tantumdem 45,23 – addens eis ] addens et 45,26 – nuntiaverunt ] nunciaverunt 46,10 – Chananitidis ] Chanaanitidis 46,10 – Cahath ] Caath 46,13 – Simeron ] Semron 46,16 – Sephon ] Sephion 46,16 – Aggi ] Haggi 46,16 – et Esebon et Suni ] et Suni et Esebon 46,17 – Jamma ] Jamme 46,22 – quatuordecim ] quattuordecim 46,26 – cunctaeque ] cunctae 46,28 – nuntiaret ] nunciaret 46,28 – et ille occurreret ] et occurreret 46,31 – nuntiabo ] nunciabo 47,1 – nuntiavit ] nunciavit 47,9 – peregrinationis vitae meae ] peregrinationis meae 47,24 – quatuor ] quattuor 47,31 – Dominum ] Deum 48,1 – nuntiatum ] nunciatum 49,1 – annuntiem ] annunciem </poem>
Among these 43 corrections, 31 has only grammar meaning, and 6 of them are correct.[]
- Changes in versification
In 30 first chapters of the Book of Genesis following changes were made:[]
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See also
References
Further reading
- Carlo Vercellone, Variae lectiones Vulgatae Latinae Bibliorum editionis, Romae 1860.
- Paul Maria Baumgarten, Die Vulgata Sixtina von 1590 und ihre Einführungsbulle Aktenstücke und Untersuchungen, Münster i. W. Aschendorff 1911.
