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	*[http://www.myarmoury.com/feature_vasa.html The Rapier of Gustav Vasa, King of Sweden] (myArmoury.com article)		*[http://www.myarmoury.com/feature_vasa.html The Rapier of Gustav Vasa, King of Sweden] (myArmoury.com article)

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Nick: New page: '''Gustav I''', born '''Gustav Eriksson''' of the Vasa noble family and later known as '''Gustav Vasa''' (12 May 1496 – 29 September 1560), was [[L...

2016-08-26T13:06:21Z

New page: '''Gustav I''', born '''Gustav Eriksson''' of the Vasa noble family and later known as '''Gustav Vasa''' (12 May 1496 – 29 September 1560), was [[L...

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'''Gustav I''', born '''Gustav Eriksson''' of the [[House of Vasa|Vasa]] [[Swedish nobility|noble family]] and later known as '''Gustav Vasa''' (12 May 1496 – 29 September 1560), was [[List of Swedish monarchs|King of Sweden]] from 1523 until his 1560 death, previously self-recognised Protector of the Realm (''Riksföreståndare'') from 1521, during the ongoing [[Swedish War of Liberation]] against King [[Christian II of Denmark|Christian II of Denmark, Norway and Sweden]]. Initially of low standing, Gustav rose to lead the rebel movement following the [[Stockholm Bloodbath]], in which his father perished. Gustav's election as King on 6 June 1523 and his triumphant [[Conquest of Stockholm|entry into Stockholm]] eleven days later meant the end of [[Medieval Sweden]]'s [[elective monarchy]] and the [[Kalmar Union]], and the birth of a [[hereditary monarchy]] under the [[House of Vasa]] and its successors, including the current [[House of Bernadotte]].

As King, Gustav proved an enigmatic administrator with a ruthless streak not inferior to his predecessor's, brutally suppressing subsequent uprisings ([[Dalecarlian Rebellions|three in Dalarna]] – which had once been the first region to support his claim to the throne - one in [[Västergötland]], and [[Dacke War|one in Småland]]). He worked to raise [[taxation in Sweden|taxes]], end [[Feudalism]] and bring about a [[Swedish Reformation]], replacing the prerogatives of local landowners, noblemen and clergy with centrally appointed governors and bishops. His 37-year rule, which was the longest of a mature Swedish king to that date (subsequently passed by [[Gustav V of Sweden|Gustav V]] and [[Carl XVI Gustav of Sweden|Carl XVI Gustav]]) saw a complete break with not only the Danish supremacy but also the [[Roman Catholic Church]], whose assets were nationalised, with the [[Lutheran]] [[Church of Sweden]] established under his personal control. He became the first truly [[autocratic]] native Swedish sovereign and was a skilled propagandist and [[bureaucrat]], with his main opponent, Christian's, infamous mark as the "tyrant king" and his largely fictitious adventures during the liberation struggle still widespread to date. Due to a vibrant dynastic succession, his three sons, [[Erik XIV of Sweden|Erik]], [[Johan III of Sweden|Johan]] and [[Karl IX of Sweden|Karl IX]], all held the kingship at different points.

Gustav I has subsequently been labelled the founder of modern Sweden, and the "[[Pater Patriae|father of the nation]]". Gustav liked to compare himself to [[Moses]], whom he believed to have also liberated his people and established a sovereign state. As a person, Gustav was known for ruthless methods and a bad temper, but also a fondness for music and had a certain sly wit and ability to outmaneuver and annihilate his opponents. He founded one of the now oldest orchestras of the world, the ''[[Kungliga Hovkapellet]]'' (Royal Court Orchestra). Royal housekeeping accounts from 1526 mention twelve musicians including [[wind instrument|wind players]] and a [[timpani]]st but no [[string instrument|string players]]. Today the ''Kungliga Hovkapellet'' is the orchestra of the [[Royal Swedish Opera]].

==Family==
Gustav's first wife was [[Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg]] (1513–1535), whom he married on 24 September 1531. They had a son:
* [[Eric XIV of Sweden|Eric XIV]] (1533–1577), Duke of Kalmar

On 1 October 1536, he married his second wife, [[Margaret Leijonhufvud|Margareta Leijonhufvud]] (1514–1551). Their children were:
* [[John III of Sweden|John III]] (Johan III) (1537–1592), [[Duke of Finland]]
* [[Katarina Vasa|Katarina]] (1539–1610), wife of [[Edzard II of Ostfriesland|Edzard II, Count of Ostfriesland]]. A grandmother of [[Anna Maria of Ostfriesland]] (and thereby an ancestor of [[Queen Victoria]]) and great-grandmother of [[Adolf Frederick II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]].
* [[Cecilia of Sweden|Cecilia]] (1540–1627), wife of [[Christopher II, Margrave of Baden-Rodemachern]]
* [[Magnus Vasa|Magnus]] (1542–1595), [[Duke]] of [[Östergötland]]
* Carl (1544)
* [[Anna Maria of Sweden|Anna Maria]] (1545–1610), wife of [[George John I, Count Palatine of Veldenz]]
* Sten (1546–1547)
* [[Princess Sophia of Sweden|Sofia]] (1547–1611), wife of Duke [[Magnus II of Saxe-Lauenburg|Magnus II]] of [[Saxe-Lauenburg]]
* [[Princess Elizabeth of Sweden|Elisabet]] (1549–1598), wife of [[Christopher, Duke of Mecklenburg-Gadebusch]]
* [[Charles IX of Sweden|Charles IX]] (Carl IX) (1550–1611), [[Duke]] of [[Södermanland]]

At [[Vadstena Castle]] on 22 August 1552 he married his third wife, [[Katarina Stenbock]] (1535–1621).

==See also==
* [[Vaasa|City of Vasa]]
* [[Early Vasa era]]
* ''[[Vasa (ship)|Vasa]]''
* [[Vasaloppet]]

==Notes==

==References==
* [[Michael Roberts (historian)|Roberts, Michael]]: ''The Early Vasas: A History of Sweden 1523–1611'' (1968)
* [[Alf Åberg|Åberg, Alf]]: ''Gustav Vasa 500 år / The official anniversary book'' (1996)
* [[Lars-Olof Larsson]]: ''Gustav Vasa – Landsfader eller tyrann?'' (2005)

==External links==
*[http://www.myarmoury.com/feature_vasa.html The Rapier of Gustav Vasa, King of Sweden] (myArmoury.com article)

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gustav 01 Of Sweden}}
[[Category:Swedish monarchs]]
[[Category:Rulers of Finland]]
[[Category:House of Vasa]]
[[Category:Protestant Reformers]]
[[Category:Swedish rebels]]
[[Category:People from Uppland]]
[[Category:1496 births]]
[[Category:1560 deaths]]
[[Category:Burials at Uppsala Cathedral]]
[[Category:People of the Swedish War of Liberation]]
[[Category:16th-century monarchs in Europe]]

Gustav I of Sweden - Revision history

KJV: Template:Donate

Nick: New page: '''Gustav I''', born '''Gustav Eriksson''' of the Vasa noble family and later known as '''Gustav Vasa''' (12 May 1496 – 29 September 1560), was [[L...