Ezra Abbot - Revision history

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2018-12-09T08:42:05Z

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	* The [http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:DIV.LIB:div00624/ historical records] of Ezra Abbot are in the Andover-Harvard Theological Library at [[Harvard Divinity School]] in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]].		* The [http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:DIV.LIB:div00624/ historical records] of Ezra Abbot are in the Andover-Harvard Theological Library at [[Harvard Divinity School]] in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]].

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	{{DEFAULTSORT:Abbot, Ezra}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Abbot, Ezra}}

Nick at 14:29, 8 March 2016

2016-03-08T14:29:29Z

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	[[Image:Ezra Abbot.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|Ezra Abbot]]		[[Image:Ezra Abbot.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|Ezra Abbot]]
	'''Ezra Abbot''' (April 28, [[1819 AD\|1819]], [[Jackson, Maine]] - March 21, [[1884 AD\|1884]], [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]) was an [[United States\|American]] biblical scholar.<sup>[1]</sup> Abbot was a Christ-denying Unitarian who worked on the [[ASV]] ([[American Standard Version]]). He did not believe that Jesus Christ was God or was the creator. He authored many of the heretical marginal notes in the [[ASV]]. Matthew Riddle was one of the most influential members of the ASV committee, and said of Abbot: ''“Dr. Abbot was the foremost textual critic in America.”''		'''Ezra Abbot''' (April 28, [[1819 AD\|1819]], [[Jackson, Maine]] - March 21, [[1884 AD\|1884]], [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]) was an [[United States\|American]] biblical scholar.<sup>[1]</sup> Abbot was a Christ-denying Unitarian who worked on the [[ASV]] ([[American Standard Version]]). He did not believe that Jesus Christ was God or was the creator. He authored many of the heretical marginal notes in the [[ASV]]. Matthew Riddle was one of the most influential members of the ASV committee, and said of Abbot: ''“Dr. Abbot was the foremost textual critic in America.”'' Abbot also wrote a long article arguing for the omission of “God” in 1 Timothy 3:16.

	==Life and writings==		==Life and writings==

Nick at 14:28, 8 March 2016

2016-03-08T14:28:32Z

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	[[Image:Ezra Abbot.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|Ezra Abbot]]		[[Image:Ezra Abbot.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|Ezra Abbot]]
	'''Ezra Abbot''' (April 28, [[1819 AD\|1819]], [[Jackson, Maine]] - March 21, [[1884 AD\|1884]], [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]) was an [[United States\|American]] biblical scholar.<sup>[1]</sup> Abbot was a Christ-denying Unitarian who worked on the [[ASV]] ([[American Standard Version]]). He did not believe that Jesus Christ was God or was the creator. He authored many of the heretical marginal notes in the [[ASV]].		'''Ezra Abbot''' (April 28, [[1819 AD\|1819]], [[Jackson, Maine]] - March 21, [[1884 AD\|1884]], [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]) was an [[United States\|American]] biblical scholar.<sup>[1]</sup> Abbot was a Christ-denying Unitarian who worked on the [[ASV]] ([[American Standard Version]]). He did not believe that Jesus Christ was God or was the creator. He authored many of the heretical marginal notes in the [[ASV]]. Matthew Riddle was one of the most influential members of the ASV committee, and said of Abbot: ''“Dr. Abbot was the foremost textual critic in America.”''

	==Life and writings==		==Life and writings==

Nick at 14:26, 8 March 2016

2016-03-08T14:26:22Z

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	[[Image:Ezra Abbot.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|Ezra Abbot]]		[[Image:Ezra Abbot.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|Ezra Abbot]]
	'''Ezra Abbot''' (April 28, [[1819 AD\|1819]], [[Jackson, Maine]] - March 21, [[1884 AD\|1884]], [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]) was an [[United States\|American]] biblical scholar.<sup>[1]</sup> Abbot was a Christ-denying Unitarian who worked on the [[ASV]] ([[American Standard Version]]). He did not believe that Jesus Christ was God or was the creator.		'''Ezra Abbot''' (April 28, [[1819 AD\|1819]], [[Jackson, Maine]] - March 21, [[1884 AD\|1884]], [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]) was an [[United States\|American]] biblical scholar.<sup>[1]</sup> Abbot was a Christ-denying Unitarian who worked on the [[ASV]] ([[American Standard Version]]). He did not believe that Jesus Christ was God or was the creator. He authored many of the heretical marginal notes in the [[ASV]].

	==Life and writings==		==Life and writings==

Nick: /* ASV Footnotes */

2016-03-08T14:25:49Z

ASV Footnotes

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	:“Always one of the first in his place at the table, and one of the last to quit it, he [Ezra Abbot] brought with him thither the results of careful preparation. His suggestions were seldom the promptings of the moment. Hence they always commanded consideration; often secured instant adoption. ... But it was in questions affecting the Greek text that Dr. Abbot’s exceptional gifts and attainments were pre-eminently helpful. Several of his essays on debated passages, appended to the printed reports of our proceedings which were forwarded from time to time to the brethren in England, are among the most thorough discussions of the sort which are extant, won immediate respect for American scholarship in this department, and HAD NO SMALL INFLUENCE IN DETERMINING THAT FORM OF THE SACRED TEXT WHICH WILL ULTIMATELY, WE BELIEVE, FIND ACCEPTANCE WITH ALL CHRISTIAN SCHOLARS” <small>'''(Historical Account of the Work of the American Committee of Revision, 1885, p. 68).</small>'''		:“Always one of the first in his place at the table, and one of the last to quit it, he [Ezra Abbot] brought with him thither the results of careful preparation. His suggestions were seldom the promptings of the moment. Hence they always commanded consideration; often secured instant adoption. ... But it was in questions affecting the Greek text that Dr. Abbot’s exceptional gifts and attainments were pre-eminently helpful. Several of his essays on debated passages, appended to the printed reports of our proceedings which were forwarded from time to time to the brethren in England, are among the most thorough discussions of the sort which are extant, won immediate respect for American scholarship in this department, and HAD NO SMALL INFLUENCE IN DETERMINING THAT FORM OF THE SACRED TEXT WHICH WILL ULTIMATELY, WE BELIEVE, FIND ACCEPTANCE WITH ALL CHRISTIAN SCHOLARS” <small>'''(Historical Account of the Work of the American Committee of Revision, 1885, p. 68).</small>'''

	===ASV Footnotes===		==ASV Footnotes==
	He authored the footnotes in the [[ASV]] that say that Christ should not be worshipped and that question his deity. For example, at John 9:38, the corrupt footnote states,		He authored the footnotes in the [[ASV]] that say that Christ should not be worshipped and that question his deity. For example, at John 9:38, the corrupt footnote states,
	:“The Greek word denotes an act of reverence, whether paid to a creature (as here) or to the Creator.” (1901 ASV marginal note)		:“The Greek word denotes an act of reverence, whether paid to a creature (as here) or to the Creator.” (1901 ASV marginal note)

Nick at 14:25, 8 March 2016

2016-03-08T14:25:30Z

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	[[Image:Ezra Abbot.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|Ezra Abbot]]		[[Image:Ezra Abbot.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|Ezra Abbot]]
	'''Ezra Abbot''' (April 28, [[1819 AD\|1819]], [[Jackson, Maine]] - March 21, [[1884 AD\|1884]], [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]) was an [[United States\|American]] biblical scholar.<sup>[1]</sup> Abbot was a Christ-denying Unitarian who worked on the [[ASV]] ([[American Standard Version]]).		'''Ezra Abbot''' (April 28, [[1819 AD\|1819]], [[Jackson, Maine]] - March 21, [[1884 AD\|1884]], [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]) was an [[United States\|American]] biblical scholar.<sup>[1]</sup> Abbot was a Christ-denying Unitarian who worked on the [[ASV]] ([[American Standard Version]]). He did not believe that Jesus Christ was God or was the creator.

	==Life and writings==		==Life and writings==

Nick at 14:24, 8 March 2016

2016-03-08T14:24:34Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:24, 8 March 2016
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	[[Image:Ezra Abbot.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|Ezra Abbot]]		[[Image:Ezra Abbot.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|Ezra Abbot]]
	'''Ezra Abbot''' (April 28, [[1819 AD\|1819]], [[Jackson, Maine]] - March 21, [[1884 AD\|1884]], [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]) was an [[United States\|American]] biblical scholar.<sup>[1]</sup> Abbot was a Christ-denying Unitarian.		'''Ezra Abbot''' (April 28, [[1819 AD\|1819]], [[Jackson, Maine]] - March 21, [[1884 AD\|1884]], [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]) was an [[United States\|American]] biblical scholar.<sup>[1]</sup> Abbot was a Christ-denying Unitarian who worked on the [[ASV]] ([[American Standard Version]]).

	==Life and writings==		==Life and writings==

Nick: /* Life and writings */

2016-03-08T14:23:19Z

Life and writings

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	==Life and writings==		==Life and writings==
			{{Unitarian Translators}}
	He graduated from [[Bowdoin College]] in 1840. In [[1847 AD\|1847]], at the request of Prof. [[Andrews Norton]], he went to Cambridge, where he was principal of a public school until 1856. He was assistant librarian of [[Harvard University]] from [[1856 AD\|1856]] to [[1872 AD\|1872]], and planned and perfected an alphabetical card catalog, combining many of the advantages of the ordinary dictionary catalogs with the grouping of the minor topics under more general heads, which is characteristic of a systematic catalogue. From [[1872 AD\|1872]] until his death he was Bussey Professor of [[New Testament]] Criticism and Interpretation in the [[Harvard Divinity School]].		He graduated from [[Bowdoin College]] in 1840. In [[1847 AD\|1847]], at the request of Prof. [[Andrews Norton]], he went to Cambridge, where he was principal of a public school until 1856. He was assistant librarian of [[Harvard University]] from [[1856 AD\|1856]] to [[1872 AD\|1872]], and planned and perfected an alphabetical card catalog, combining many of the advantages of the ordinary dictionary catalogs with the grouping of the minor topics under more general heads, which is characteristic of a systematic catalogue. From [[1872 AD\|1872]] until his death he was Bussey Professor of [[New Testament]] Criticism and Interpretation in the [[Harvard Divinity School]].

Nick at 13:26, 8 March 2016

2016-03-08T13:26:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:26, 8 March 2016
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	[[Image:Ezra Abbot.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|Ezra Abbot]]		[[Image:Ezra Abbot.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|Ezra Abbot]]
	'''Ezra Abbot''' (April 28, [[1819 AD\|1819]], [[Jackson, Maine]] - March 21, [[1884 AD\|1884]], [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]) was an [[United States\|American]] biblical scholar.<sup>[1]</sup>		'''Ezra Abbot''' (April 28, [[1819 AD\|1819]], [[Jackson, Maine]] - March 21, [[1884 AD\|1884]], [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]) was an [[United States\|American]] biblical scholar.<sup>[1]</sup> Abbot was a Christ-denying Unitarian.

	==Life and writings==		==Life and writings==
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	Abbot's studies were chiefly in [[Oriental languages]] and textual criticism of the New Testament, though his work as a bibliographer showed such results as the exhaustive list of writings (5300 in all) on the doctrine of the future life, appended to W. R. Alger's ''History of the Doctrine of a Future Life, as it has prevailed in all Nations and Ages'' ([[1862 AD\|1862]]), and published separately in [[1864 AD\|1864]].		Abbot's studies were chiefly in [[Oriental languages]] and textual criticism of the New Testament, though his work as a bibliographer showed such results as the exhaustive list of writings (5300 in all) on the doctrine of the future life, appended to W. R. Alger's ''History of the Doctrine of a Future Life, as it has prevailed in all Nations and Ages'' ([[1862 AD\|1862]]), and published separately in [[1864 AD\|1864]].

	Abbot's publications, though always of the most thorough and scholarly character, were to a large extent dispersed in the pages of reviews, dictionaries, concordances, texts edited by others, [[Unitarianism\|Unitarian]] controversial treatises, etc. However, he took a more conspicuous and personal part in the preparation (with [[Baptist]] scholar Horatio B. Hackett) of the enlarged American edition of Dr. (afterwards Sir) [[William Robertson Smith\|William Smith]]'s ''Dictionary of the Bible'' ([[1867 AD\|1867]]-[[1870 AD\|1870]]), to which he contributed more than 400 articles, as well as greatly improving the bibliographical completeness of the work. He was an ~~efficient~~ member of the American revision committee for the Revised Version ([[1881 AD\|1881]]-[[1885 AD\|1885]]), and helped prepare [[Caspar René Gregory]]'s Prolegomena to the revised [[Greek language\|Greek]] New Testament of [[Constantin von Tischendorf]].		Abbot's publications, though always of the most thorough and scholarly character, were to a large extent dispersed in the pages of reviews, dictionaries, concordances, texts edited by others, [[Unitarianism\|Unitarian]] controversial treatises, etc. However, he took a more conspicuous and personal part in the preparation (with [[Baptist]] scholar Horatio B. Hackett) of the enlarged American edition of Dr. (afterwards Sir) [[William Robertson Smith\|William Smith]]'s ''Dictionary of the Bible'' ([[1867 AD\|1867]]-[[1870 AD\|1870]]), to which he contributed more than 400 articles, as well as greatly improving the bibliographical completeness of the work. He was an member of the American revision committee for the [[Revised Version]] ([[1881 AD\|1881]]-[[1885 AD\|1885]]), and helped prepare [[Caspar René Gregory]]'s Prolegomena to the revised [[Greek language\|Greek]] New Testament of [[Constantin von Tischendorf]].

	He was one of the 32 founding members of the [[Society of Biblical Literature]] in [[1880 AD\|1880]].<sup>[2]</sup>		He was one of the 32 founding members of the [[Society of Biblical Literature]] in [[1880 AD\|1880]].<sup>[2]</sup>
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	Abbot Appears on the front cover of [[David Cloud]]'s book, [[Unholy Hands on God's Holy Book]].		Abbot Appears on the front cover of [[David Cloud]]'s book, [[Unholy Hands on God's Holy Book]].

			Matthew Riddle was one of the most influential members of the ASV committee said of Abbot:
			:“Dr. Abbot was the foremost textual critic in America, and his opinions usually prevailed when questions of text were debated” <small>'''(Matthew Riddle, The Story of the Revised New Testament, 1908, p. 30).'''</small>

			The following excerpt from a memorial resolution issued by the committee gives additional evidence of the Unitarian’s influence on the Revision on both sides of the ocean:
			:“Always one of the first in his place at the table, and one of the last to quit it, he [Ezra Abbot] brought with him thither the results of careful preparation. His suggestions were seldom the promptings of the moment. Hence they always commanded consideration; often secured instant adoption. ... But it was in questions affecting the Greek text that Dr. Abbot’s exceptional gifts and attainments were pre-eminently helpful. Several of his essays on debated passages, appended to the printed reports of our proceedings which were forwarded from time to time to the brethren in England, are among the most thorough discussions of the sort which are extant, won immediate respect for American scholarship in this department, and HAD NO SMALL INFLUENCE IN DETERMINING THAT FORM OF THE SACRED TEXT WHICH WILL ULTIMATELY, WE BELIEVE, FIND ACCEPTANCE WITH ALL CHRISTIAN SCHOLARS” <small>'''(Historical Account of the Work of the American Committee of Revision, 1885, p. 68).</small>'''

			===ASV Footnotes===
			He authored the footnotes in the [[ASV]] that say that Christ should not be worshipped and that question his deity. For example, at John 9:38, the corrupt footnote states,
			:“The Greek word denotes an act of reverence, whether paid to a creature (as here) or to the Creator.” (1901 ASV marginal note)

			Abbot also argued that the last clause of Romans 9:5 was a doxology to God and does not refer to Christ.

			In Acts 20:28 Abbot led the committee to remove “God” and replace it with “the Lord,” thus corrupting this powerful witness to the deity of Jesus Christ. Unitarians and theological modernists alleged that Jesus is “the Lord” but not actually God.

			Abbot also wrote a long article arguing for the omission of “God” in 1 Timothy 3:16.

	==Honors==		==Honors==

Nick at 16:15, 15 August 2014

2014-08-15T16:15:55Z

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	[[Image:Ezra Abbot.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|Ezra Abbot]]		[[Image:Ezra Abbot.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|Ezra Abbot]]
	'''Ezra Abbot''' (April 28, 1819, [[Jackson, Maine]] - March 21, 1884, [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]) was an [[United States\|American]] biblical scholar.<sup>[1]</sup>		'''Ezra Abbot''' (April 28, [[1819 AD\|1819]], [[Jackson, Maine]] - March 21, [[1884 AD\|1884]], [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]) was an [[United States\|American]] biblical scholar.<sup>[1]</sup>

	==Life and writings==		==Life and writings==
	He graduated from [[Bowdoin College]] in 1840. In 1847, at the request of Prof. [[Andrews Norton]], he went to Cambridge, where he was principal of a public school until 1856. He was assistant librarian of [[Harvard University]] from 1856 to 1872, and planned and perfected an alphabetical card catalog, combining many of the advantages of the ordinary dictionary catalogs with the grouping of the minor topics under more general heads, which is characteristic of a systematic catalogue. From 1872 until his death he was Bussey Professor of [[New Testament]] Criticism and Interpretation in the [[Harvard Divinity School]].		He graduated from [[Bowdoin College]] in 1840. In [[1847 AD\|1847]], at the request of Prof. [[Andrews Norton]], he went to Cambridge, where he was principal of a public school until 1856. He was assistant librarian of [[Harvard University]] from [[1856 AD\|1856]] to [[1872 AD\|1872]], and planned and perfected an alphabetical card catalog, combining many of the advantages of the ordinary dictionary catalogs with the grouping of the minor topics under more general heads, which is characteristic of a systematic catalogue. From [[1872 AD\|1872]] until his death he was Bussey Professor of [[New Testament]] Criticism and Interpretation in the [[Harvard Divinity School]].

	Abbot's studies were chiefly in [[Oriental languages]] and textual criticism of the New Testament, though his work as a bibliographer showed such results as the exhaustive list of writings (5300 in all) on the doctrine of the future life, appended to W. R. Alger's ''History of the Doctrine of a Future Life, as it has prevailed in all Nations and Ages'' (1862), and published separately in 1864.		Abbot's studies were chiefly in [[Oriental languages]] and textual criticism of the New Testament, though his work as a bibliographer showed such results as the exhaustive list of writings (5300 in all) on the doctrine of the future life, appended to W. R. Alger's ''History of the Doctrine of a Future Life, as it has prevailed in all Nations and Ages'' ([[1862 AD\|1862]]), and published separately in [[1864 AD\|1864]].

	Abbot's publications, though always of the most thorough and scholarly character, were to a large extent dispersed in the pages of reviews, dictionaries, concordances, texts edited by others, [[Unitarianism\|Unitarian]] controversial treatises, etc. However, he took a more conspicuous and personal part in the preparation (with [[Baptist]] scholar Horatio B. Hackett) of the enlarged American edition of Dr. (afterwards Sir) [[William Robertson Smith\|William Smith]]'s ''Dictionary of the Bible'' (1867-1870), to which he contributed more than 400 articles, as well as greatly improving the bibliographical completeness of the work. He was an efficient member of the American revision committee for the Revised Version (1881-~~1885) of the~~ [[~~King James Bible~~]], and helped prepare [[Caspar René Gregory]]'s Prolegomena to the revised [[Greek language\|Greek]] New Testament of [[Constantin von Tischendorf]].		Abbot's publications, though always of the most thorough and scholarly character, were to a large extent dispersed in the pages of reviews, dictionaries, concordances, texts edited by others, [[Unitarianism\|Unitarian]] controversial treatises, etc. However, he took a more conspicuous and personal part in the preparation (with [[Baptist]] scholar Horatio B. Hackett) of the enlarged American edition of Dr. (afterwards Sir) [[William Robertson Smith\|William Smith]]'s ''Dictionary of the Bible'' ([[1867 AD\|1867]]-[[1870 AD\|1870]]), to which he contributed more than 400 articles, as well as greatly improving the bibliographical completeness of the work. He was an efficient member of the American revision committee for the Revised Version ([[1881 AD\|1881]]-[[1885 AD\|1885]]), and helped prepare [[Caspar René Gregory]]'s Prolegomena to the revised [[Greek language\|Greek]] New Testament of [[Constantin von Tischendorf]].

	He was one of the 32 founding members of the [[Society of Biblical Literature]] in 1880.<sup>[2]</sup>		He was one of the 32 founding members of the [[Society of Biblical Literature]] in [[1880 AD\|1880]].<sup>[2]</sup>

	His principal single work, representing his scholarly method and conservative conclusions, was ''The Authorship of the Fourth Gospel: External Evidences'' (1880; 2nd ed. by J. H. Thayer, with other essays, 1889), originally a lecture. In spite of the compression due to its form, this work was up to that time probably the ablest defense, based on external evidence, of the Johannine authorship, and certainly the most complete treatment of the relation of [[Justin Martyr]] to this gospel.		His principal single work, representing his scholarly method and conservative conclusions, was ''The Authorship of the Fourth Gospel: External Evidences'' ([[1880 AD\|1880]]; 2nd ed. by J. H. Thayer, with other essays, [[1889 AD\|1889]]), originally a lecture. In spite of the compression due to its form, this work was up to that time probably the ablest defense, based on external evidence, of the Johannine authorship, and certainly the most complete treatment of the relation of [[Justin Martyr]] to this gospel.

	Abbot Appears on the front cover of [[David Cloud]]'s book, [[Unholy Hands on God's Holy Book]].		Abbot Appears on the front cover of [[David Cloud]]'s book, [[Unholy Hands on God's Holy Book]].

	==Honors==		==Honors==
	Abbot was elected a Fellow of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] in 1861.<sup>[3]</sup> Though a layman, he received the degree of S.T.D. from Harvard in 1872, and that of D.D. from [[Edinburgh]] in 1884.		Abbot was elected a Fellow of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] in [[1861 AD\|1861]].<sup>[3]</sup> Though a layman, he received the degree of S.T.D. from Harvard in [[1872 AD\|1872]], and that of D.D. from [[Edinburgh]] in 1884.

	== Works ==		== Works ==