Nick: New page: '''Arius''' (/əˈraɪəs, ˈɛəri-/; Koinē Greek: Ἄρειος, Áreios; 250 or 256–336) was a Libyan presbyter and ascetic,^[1] and priest ...

2020-05-06T00:38:00Z

New page: '''Arius''' (/əˈraɪəs, ˈɛəri-/; Koinē Greek: Ἄρειος, Áreios; 250 or 256–336) was a Libyan presbyter and ascetic,[1] and priest ...

New page

'''Arius''' (/əˈraɪəs, ˈɛəri-/; Koinē Greek: Ἄρειος, Áreios; 250 or 256–336) was a [[Berbers|Libyan]] [[presbyter]] and [[asceticism|ascetic]],[1] and priest in [[Baucalis]] in [[Alexandria]], Egypt.[2] His teachings about the nature of the [[Godhead in Christianity]], which emphasized [[subordinationism|God the Father's uniqueness and Christ's subordination under the Father]],[3] and his [[nontrinitarianism|opposition]] to what would become the dominant [[Christology]], [[Homoousion|Homoousian Christology]], made him a primary topic of the [[First Council of Nicaea]], which was convened by Emperor [[Constantine the Great]] in 325.

After Emperors [[Licinius]] and Constantine legalized and formalized the [[Christianity]] of the time in the [[Roman Empire]], Constantine sought to unify the newly recognized Church and remove theological divisions.[4] The Christian Church was divided over disagreements on [[Christology]], or, the nature of the relationship between [[Jesus]] and God. Homoousian Christians, including [[Athanasius of Alexandria]], used Arius and [[Arianism]] as epithets to describe those who disagreed with their doctrine of coequal [[Trinity|Trinitarianism]], a Homoousian [[Christology]] representing [[God the Father]] and [[Son of God|Jesus Christ the Son]] as [[Consubstantiality|"of one essence"]] ("consubstantial") and [[Eternity#God and eternity|coeternal]].

Negative writings describe Arius's theology as one in which there was a time before the [[Son of God]], when only [[God the Father]] existed. Despite concerted opposition, Arian Christian churches persisted throughout Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa, especially in various [[Germanic peoples|Germanic]] kingdoms, until suppressed by military conquest or voluntary royal conversion between the fifth and seventh centuries.

The Son's precise relationship with the Father had been discussed for decades before Arius's advent; Arius intensified the controversy and carried it to a Church-wide audience, where others like [[Eusebius of Nicomedia]] proved much more influential in the long run. In fact, some later Arians disavowed the name, claiming not to have been familiar with the man or his specific teachings.[5][6] However, because the conflict between Arius and his foes brought the issue to the theological forefront, the doctrine he proclaimed—though not originated—is generally labeled as "his".

== Early life and personality ==

Reconstructing the life and doctrine of Arius has proven to be a difficult task, as none of his original writings survive. Emperor Constantine ordered their burning while Arius was still living, and any that survived this purge were later destroyed by his Orthodox opponents. Those works which have survived are quoted in the works of churchmen who denounced him as a [[heresy|heretic]]. This leads some — but not all — scholars to question their reliability.[7]

Arius was of Berber descent.[1] His father's name is given as Ammonius. Arius is believed to have been a student at the exegetical school in [[Antioch]], where he studied under [[Lucian of Antioch|Saint Lucian]].8] Having returned to Alexandria, Arius, according to a single source, sided with [[Meletius of Lycopolis]] in his dispute over the re-admission of those who had denied Christianity under fear of Roman torture, and was ordained a [[deacon]] under the latter's auspices. He was [[excommunication|excommunicated]] by Bishop [[Pope Peter I of Alexandria|Peter of Alexandria]] in 311 for supporting Meletius,[9] but under Peter's successor [[Achillas of Alexandria|Achillas]], Arius was re-admitted to [[Christian communion]] and in 313 made [[presbyter]] of the Baucalis district in Alexandria.

Although his character has been severely assailed by his opponents, Arius appears to have been a man of personal [[asceticism|ascetic]] achievement, pure morals, and decided convictions. Paraphrasing [[Epiphanius of Salamis]], an opponent of Arius, [[Roman Catholicism|Catholic]] historian [[Warren H. Carroll]] describes him as ''"tall and lean, of distinguished appearance and polished address. Women doted on him, charmed by his beautiful manners, touched by his appearance of asceticism. Men were impressed by his aura of intellectual superiority."''[10]

Though Arius was also accused by his opponents of being too liberal, and too loose in his theology, engaging in heresy (as defined by his opponents), some historians argue that Arius was actually quite conservative,[11] and that he deplored how, in his view, [[Christian theology]] was being too freely mixed with [[Greek paganism]].[12]

[[Category:256 births]]
[[Category:336 deaths]]
[[Category:3rd-century Arian Christians]]
[[Category:3rd-century Berber people]]
[[Category:3rd-century Christian theologians]]
[[Category:3rd-century Romans]]
[[Category:3rd-century writers]]
[[Category:4th-century Arian Christians]]
[[Category:4th-century Berber people]]
[[Category:4th-century Christian theologians]]
[[Category:4th-century Romans]]
[[Category:4th-century writers]]
[[Category:Antitrinitarians]]
[[Category:Berber Christians]]
[[Category:Deaths onstage]]
[[Category:Egyptian Christian clergy]]
[[Category:Founders of religions]]
[[Category:Libyan Christians]]
[[Category:People declared heretics by the first seven ecumenical councils]]
[[Category:People excommunicated by the Catholic Church]]
[[Category:Roman-era philosophers in Alexandria]]

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Arius - Revision history

Nick: New page: '''Arius''' (/əˈraɪəs, ˈɛəri-/; Koinē Greek: Ἄρειος, Áreios; 250 or 256–336) was a Libyan presbyter and ascetic,[1] and priest ...

Nick: New page: '''Arius''' (/əˈraɪəs, ˈɛəri-/; Koinē Greek: Ἄρειος, Áreios; 250 or 256–336) was a Libyan presbyter and ascetic,^[1] and priest ...