Syriac language - Revision history

Nick at 10:48, 1 February 2019

2019-02-01T10:48:08Z

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			[[image:Aramaic alphabet.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|[[Aramaic alphabet\|Syriac Aramaic alphabet]]]]
	'''Syriac''' (/ˈsɪriæk/; ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ''Leššānā Suryāyā''), also known as '''Syriac/Syrian Aramaic''' or '''Classical Syriac''', is a dialect of [[Aramaic language\|Middle Aramaic]]. Having first appeared in the early first century CE in [[Edessa]], classical Syriac became a major literary language throughout the [[Middle East]] from the 4th to the 8th centuries, preserved in a large body of [[Syriac literature]]. Indeed, Syriac literature comprises roughly 90% of the extant Aramaic literature. Syriac was once spoken across much of the [[Near East]] as well as [[Anatolia]] and [[Eastern Arabia]].		'''Syriac''' (/ˈsɪriæk/; ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ''Leššānā Suryāyā''), also known as '''Syriac/Syrian Aramaic''' or '''Classical Syriac''', is a dialect of [[Aramaic language\|Middle Aramaic]]. Having first appeared in the early first century CE in [[Edessa]], classical Syriac became a major literary language throughout the [[Middle East]] from the 4th to the 8th centuries, preserved in a large body of [[Syriac literature]]. Indeed, Syriac literature comprises roughly 90% of the extant Aramaic literature. Syriac was once spoken across much of the [[Near East]] as well as [[Anatolia]] and [[Eastern Arabia]].

Nick at 10:38, 1 February 2019

2019-02-01T10:38:27Z

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	Syriac is a Middle Aramaic language and, as such, a language of the [[Northwest Semitic languages]] of the [[Afroasiatic languages\|Afroasiatic family]]. It is written in the [[Syriac alphabet]], a derivation of the [[Aramaic alphabet]].		Syriac is a Middle Aramaic language and, as such, a language of the [[Northwest Semitic languages]] of the [[Afroasiatic languages\|Afroasiatic family]]. It is written in the [[Syriac alphabet]], a derivation of the [[Aramaic alphabet]].

			==Geographic distribution==
			[[Image:Syriac Christianity.jpg\|thumb\|right\|alt=The distribution of the Syriac language in the Middle East and Asia\|Although once a major language in the [[Fertile Crescent]] and [[Eastern Arabia]], Syriac is now limited to the towns and villages in the [[Nineveh plains]], [[Tur Abdin]], the [[Khabur (Euphrates)\|Khabur]] plains, in and around the cities of [[Mosul]], [[Erbil]] and [[Kirkuk]].]]
			[[Image:Syriac Sertâ book script.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|An 11th-century Syriac [[manuscript]].]]
			Syriac was the local accent of Aramaic in [[Edessa]], and evolved under the influence of the Church of the East and the Syriac Orthodox Church into its current form. Before Arabic became the dominant language, Syriac was a major language among Christian communities in the [[Middle East]], [[Central Asia]] and [[Kerala]], and remains so among the [[Terms for Syriac Christians\|Syriac Christians]] to this day. It has been found as far afield as [[Hadrian's Wall]] in [[Great Britain]], with inscriptions written by Assyrian and Aramean soldiers of the [[Roman Empire]].

			==History==
			[[Image:Eesho Aramaic name of Jesus.jpg\|thumb\|''Yeshuʿ'', ישוע, the Hebrew and Aramaic name of [[Jesus]]]]
			The history of Syriac can be divided into three distinct periods:
			* [[Old Aramaic language\|Old Aramaic]], the language of the [[Syro-Hittite states]] of the [[Levant]], was adopted as a lingua franca beside [[Akkadian language\|Akkadian]] in the [[Neo-Assyrian Empire]]
			* Middle Syriac/Middle Syriac Aramaic (ܟܬܒܢܝܐ ''Kṯāḇānāyā'', "Literary Syriac"), which is divided into:
			** Eastern Middle Syriac/Eastern Middle Syriac Aramaic (the literary and ecclesiastical language of the ethnic [[terms for Syriac Christians\|Syriac Christians]] of the [[Assyrian Church of the East]], [[Chaldean Catholic Church]], [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Church]], [[Ancient Church of the East]] and [[Assyrian Pentecostal Church]])
			** Western Middle Syriac/Western Middle Syriac Aramaic (the literary and ecclesiastical language of the largely Syriac members of the [[Syriac Orthodox Church]], [[Syriac Catholic Church]] and [[Maronite Church]]).
			* "Modern Syriac"/"Modern Syriac Aramaic" is a term occasionally used to refer to the modern [[Neo-Aramaic languages]]. Even if they cannot be positively identified as the direct descendants of attested Middle Syriac, they must have developed from closely related dialects belonging to the same branch of Aramaic, and the varieties spoken in Christian communities have long co-existed with and been influenced by Middle Syriac as a liturgical and literary language. In this terminology, Modern Syriac is divided into:
			** Modern Western Syriac Aramaic ([[Turoyo language\|Turoyo]] and [[Mlahsô language\|Mlahsô]]). Note however that these are sometimes excluded from the category of "Modern Syriac".
			** Modern Eastern Syriac Aramaic ([[Northeastern Neo-Aramaic]], including [[Assyrian Neo-Aramaic]] and [[Chaldean Neo-Aramaic]] but the term usually is not used in reference to [[Neo-Mandaic]], another variety of Eastern Aramaic spoken by the [[Mandaeans]]).

			The name "Syriac", when used with no qualification, generally refers to one specific dialect of Middle Aramaic but not to Old Aramaic or to the various present-day Eastern and Central Neo-Aramaic languages descended from it or from close relatives. The modern varieties are, therefore, not discussed in this article.

	==See Also==		==See Also==

Nick at 10:29, 1 February 2019

2019-02-01T10:29:31Z

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	'''Syriac''' (ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ''~~leššānā~~ Suryāyā'') is a dialect of Middle Aramaic ~~that was once spoken across much of the Fertile Crescent~~. Having first appeared ~~around~~ the ~~1st~~ century ~~C.E. Classical~~ Syriac became a major literary language throughout the Middle East from the 4th to the 8th centuries, the ~~classical~~ language of ~~Edessa~~, ~~preserved~~ in a ~~large body~~ of Syriac ~~literature~~.		'''Syriac''' (/ˈsɪriæk/; ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ''Leššānā Suryāyā''), also known as '''Syriac/Syrian Aramaic''' or '''Classical Syriac''', is a dialect of [[Aramaic language\|Middle Aramaic]]. Having first appeared in the early first century CE in [[Edessa]], classical Syriac became a major literary language throughout the [[Middle East]] from the 4th to the 8th centuries, preserved in a large body of [[Syriac literature]]. Indeed, Syriac literature comprises roughly 90% of the extant Aramaic literature. Syriac was once spoken across much of the [[Near East]] as well as [[Anatolia]] and [[Eastern Arabia]].

			The [[Old Aramaic language]] was adopted by the [[Neo-Assyrian Empire]] (911–609 BC) when the Assyrians conquered the various [[Syro-Hittite states]] to its west. The [[Achaemenid Empire]] (546-332 BC), which rose after the fall of the Assyrian Empire, also retained Old Aramaic as its official language, and Old Aramaic remained the [[lingua franca]] of the region. During the course of the third and fourth centuries AD, the inhabitants of the region began to embrace Christianity.

			Along with Latin and Greek, Syriac became one of "the three most important Christian languages in the early centuries" of the [[Common Era]]. From the 1st century AD, Syriac became the vehicle of [[Syriac Christianity]] and culture, and the liturgical language of the [[Syriac Orthodox Church]], the [[Maronite Church]], and the [[Church of the East]], along with its descendants: the [[Chaldean Catholic Church]], the [[Assyrian Church of the East]], the [[Ancient Church of the East]], the [[Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church]], the [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Church]], the [[Syro-Malankara Catholic Church]], the [[Syriac Catholic Church]], and the [[Assyrian Pentecostal Church]].

			Syriac Christianity and language spread throughout [[Asia]] as far as the Indian [[Malabar Coast]] and Eastern [[China]], and was the medium of communication and cultural dissemination for the later [[Arabs]] and, to a lesser extent, the [[Parthian Empire]] and [[Sasanian Empire]]. Primarily a [[Christians\|Christian]] medium of expression, Syriac had a fundamental cultural and literary influence on the development of [[Arabic]], which largely replaced it towards the 14th century. Syriac remains the [[sacred language]] of Syriac Christianity to this day.

			Syriac is a Middle Aramaic language and, as such, a language of the [[Northwest Semitic languages]] of the [[Afroasiatic languages\|Afroasiatic family]]. It is written in the [[Syriac alphabet]], a derivation of the [[Aramaic alphabet]].




	==See Also==		==See Also==

Beza 1598: /* External Links */

2016-03-17T05:51:55Z

External Links

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	* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriac_language Wikipedia Article on the Syriac language]		* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriac_language Wikipedia Article on the Syriac language]

			{{Donate}}

Nick at 03:35, 31 December 2015

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	==See Also==		==See Also==
			* [[Syriac versions of the Bible]]
	* [[Syriac book of genesis‎]]		* [[Syriac book of genesis‎]]
	* [[Syriac book of Psalms‎]]		* [[Syriac book of Psalms‎]]

Nick at 03:35, 31 December 2015

2015-12-31T03:35:12Z

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	'''Syriac''' (ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ''leššānā Suryāyā'') is a dialect of Middle Aramaic that was once spoken across much of the Fertile Crescent. Having first appeared around the 1st century C.E. Classical Syriac became a major literary language throughout the Middle East from the 4th to the 8th centuries, the classical language of Edessa, preserved in a large body of Syriac literature.		'''Syriac''' (ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ''leššānā Suryāyā'') is a dialect of Middle Aramaic that was once spoken across much of the Fertile Crescent. Having first appeared around the 1st century C.E. Classical Syriac became a major literary language throughout the Middle East from the 4th to the 8th centuries, the classical language of Edessa, preserved in a large body of Syriac literature.

			==See Also==
			* [[Syriac book of genesis‎]]
			* [[Syriac book of Psalms‎]]
			* [[The Lord's Prayer in Syriac]]

	==External Links==		==External Links==

	* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriac_language Wikipedia Article on the Syriac language]		* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriac_language Wikipedia Article on the Syriac language]

Nick at 06:59, 7 October 2010

2010-10-07T06:59:32Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:59, 7 October 2010
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			'''Syriac''' (ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ''leššānā Suryāyā'') is a dialect of Middle Aramaic that was once spoken across much of the Fertile Crescent. Having first appeared around the 1st century C.E. Classical Syriac became a major literary language throughout the Middle East from the 4th to the 8th centuries, the classical language of Edessa, preserved in a large body of Syriac literature.

	==External Links==		==External Links==

	* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriac_language Wikipedia Article on the Syriac language]		* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriac_language Wikipedia Article on the Syriac language]

Nick: Protected "Syriac language" [edit=autoconfirmed:move=autoconfirmed]

2010-10-07T06:58:43Z

Protected "Syriac language" [edit=autoconfirmed:move=autoconfirmed]

← Older revision	Revision as of 06:58, 7 October 2010
(No difference)

Nick: New page: ==External Links== * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriac_language Wikipedia Article on the Syriac language]

2010-10-07T06:58:38Z

New page: ==External Links== * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriac_language Wikipedia Article on the Syriac language]

New page

==External Links==

* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriac_language Wikipedia Article on the Syriac language]