Syria - Revision history

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	== Administrative divisions ==		== Administrative divisions ==
	{{Syria Labelled Map\|float=left}}		{{Syria Labelled Map\|float=left}}
	~~{{main\|~~Governorates of Syria\|Districts of Syria}}		[[Governorates of Syria\|Districts of Syria]]
	{{see\|List of cities in Syria}}		{{see\|List of cities in Syria}}

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	== Geography ==		== Geography ==
	~~{{main\|~~Geography of Syria}}		[[Geography of Syria]]
	[[File:Mashkita.jpg\|right\|thumb\|200px\|Mashkita Lake]]		[[File:Mashkita.jpg\|right\|thumb\|200px\|Mashkita Lake]]
	[[File:Burjeslam.jpg\|left\|thumbnail\|200px\|Burjeslam, a well known beach just north of [[Latakia]].]]		[[File:Burjeslam.jpg\|left\|thumbnail\|200px\|Burjeslam, a well known beach just north of [[Latakia]].]]
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	=== Transport ===		=== Transport ===
	~~{{main\|~~Transportation in Syria}}		[[Transportation in Syria]]

	Syria has three principal airports - Damascus, Aleppo and Lattakia which serve as hubs for Syrian Air and are also served by a variety of foreign carriers.<sup[]</sup>		Syria has three principal airports - Damascus, Aleppo and Lattakia which serve as hubs for Syrian Air and are also served by a variety of foreign carriers.<sup[]</sup>
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	== Demographics ==		== Demographics ==
	~~{{main\|~~Demographics of Syria}}		[[Demographics of Syria]]
	Most people live in the [[Euphrates River]] valley and along the coastal plain, a fertile strip between the coastal mountains and the desert. Overall population density in Syria is about 99 per km² (258 per square mile). According to the ''World Refugee Survey 2008'', published by the U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants, Syria hosted a population of refugees and asylum seekers number approximately 1,852,300. The vast majority of this population was from [[Iraq]] (1,300,000), but sizeable populations from the former [[British Mandate of Palestine]] (543,400) and [[Somalia]] (5,200) also lived in the country.<sup[]</sup> Education is free and compulsory from ages 6 to 11. Schooling consists of 6 years of [[primary education]] followed by a 3-year general or [[vocational]] training period and a 3-year academic or vocational program. The second 3-year period of academic training is required for [[university]] [[admission]]. Total enrollment at [[post-secondary\|post-secondary schools]] is over 150,000. The [[literacy\|literacy rate]] of Syrians aged 15 and older is 86% for males and 73.6% for females.		Most people live in the [[Euphrates River]] valley and along the coastal plain, a fertile strip between the coastal mountains and the desert. Overall population density in Syria is about 99 per km² (258 per square mile). According to the ''World Refugee Survey 2008'', published by the U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants, Syria hosted a population of refugees and asylum seekers number approximately 1,852,300. The vast majority of this population was from [[Iraq]] (1,300,000), but sizeable populations from the former [[British Mandate of Palestine]] (543,400) and [[Somalia]] (5,200) also lived in the country.<sup[]</sup> Education is free and compulsory from ages 6 to 11. Schooling consists of 6 years of [[primary education]] followed by a 3-year general or [[vocational]] training period and a 3-year academic or vocational program. The second 3-year period of academic training is required for [[university]] [[admission]]. Total enrollment at [[post-secondary\|post-secondary schools]] is over 150,000. The [[literacy\|literacy rate]] of Syrians aged 15 and older is 86% for males and 73.6% for females.

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	=== Education in Syria ===		=== Education in Syria ===
	~~{{main\|~~Education in Syria}}		[[Education in Syria]]
	The strong educational system in Syria was based on the old French system.		The strong educational system in Syria was based on the old French system.
	Education is free in all public schools and obligatory up to the 9th grade. Schools are divided into three levels:		Education is free in all public schools and obligatory up to the 9th grade. Schools are divided into three levels:

Beza 1598: /* External Links */

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External Links

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	==External Links==		==External Links==
	[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria Wikipedia Article on Syria]		[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria Wikipedia Article on Syria]

			{{Donate}}

Nick at 08:21, 9 January 2011

2011-01-09T08:21:19Z

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Nick: /* Footnotes */

2009-09-15T14:23:22Z

Footnotes

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Nick at 14:20, 15 September 2009

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Nick: /* Etymology */

2009-09-15T14:15:37Z

Etymology

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	''See Also [[Name of Syria]]''		''See Also [[Name of Syria]]''

	The name ''Syria'' derives from [[ancient Greek]] name for Syrians, ~~{{lang\|el\|~~Σύριοι}} ''~~{{transl\|grc\|~~Syrioi}}'', which the Greeks applied without distinction to the [[Assyrians]] and the [[Aramaeans\|Arameans]]<ref>[[Herodotus]], [[Histories (Herodotus)\|The Histories]], VII.63, [http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/History_of_Herodotus/Book_7]</ref><ref>{{cite web \|first=John \|last=Joseph \|authorlink= \|author= \|coauthors= \|title=Assyria and Syria: Synonyms?\|url=http://www.jaas.org/edocs/v11n2/JohnJoseph.pdf \|format=PDF \|work= \|publisher= \|id= \|pages= \|page= \|date=2008 \|accessdate= \|quote= }}</ref>. A number of modern scholars argue that the Greek word is traced back to the cognate ~~{{lang\|el\|~~Ἀσσυρία}}, ''~~{{transl\|grc\|~~[[Assyria]]}}'', ultimately derived from the [[Akkadian language\|Akkadian]] ''~~{{transl\|akk\|~~[[Assur\|Aššur]]}}''.<ref>First proposed by [[Theodor Nöldeke]] in 1881; cf. {{cite web\|last=Harper\|first=Douglas\|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Syria\|title=Syria\|work=Online Etymology Dictionary\|month=November\|year=2001\|accessdate=2007-06-13}}.		The name ''Syria'' derives from [[ancient Greek]] name for Syrians, Σύριοι ''Syrioi'', which the Greeks applied without distinction to the [[Assyrians]] and the [[Aramaeans\|Arameans]]<ref>[[Herodotus]], [[Histories (Herodotus)\|The Histories]], VII.63, [http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/History_of_Herodotus/Book_7]</ref><ref>cite web \|first=John \|last=Joseph \|authorlink= \|author= \|coauthors= \|title=Assyria and Syria: Synonyms?\|url=http://www.jaas.org/edocs/v11n2/JohnJoseph.pdf \|format=PDF \|work= \|publisher= \|id= \|pages= \|page= \|date=2008 \|accessdate= \|quote= </ref>. A number of modern scholars argue that the Greek word is traced back to the cognate Ἀσσυρία, ''[[Assyria]]'', ultimately derived from the [[Akkadian language\|Akkadian]] ''[[Assur\|Aššur]]''.<ref>First proposed by [[Theodor Nöldeke]] in 1881; cf. cite web\|last=Harper\|first=Douglas\|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Syria\|title=Syria\|work=Online Etymology Dictionary\|month=November\|year=2001\|accessdate=2007-06-13.
	</ref> While others believe that it was derived from ''Siryon'', the name that the [[Sidonians]] gave to [[Mount Hermon]].<ref>cite book		</ref> While others believe that it was derived from ''Siryon'', the name that the [[Sidonians]] gave to [[Mount Hermon]].<ref>cite book
	\|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=J3PsAb1uV94C&printsec=frontcover#PPA13,M1		\|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=J3PsAb1uV94C&printsec=frontcover#PPA13,M1
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	The area designated by the word has changed over time. Classically, Syria lies at the eastern end of the [[Mediterranean Sea]], between [[Egypt]] and [[Arabia]] to the south and [[Cilicia]] to the north, stretching inland to include [[Mesopotamia]], and having an uncertain border to the northeast that [[Pliny the Elder]] describes as including, from west to east, [[Commagene]], [[Sophene]], and [[Adiabene]], "formerly known as Assyria".		The area designated by the word has changed over time. Classically, Syria lies at the eastern end of the [[Mediterranean Sea]], between [[Egypt]] and [[Arabia]] to the south and [[Cilicia]] to the north, stretching inland to include [[Mesopotamia]], and having an uncertain border to the northeast that [[Pliny the Elder]] describes as including, from west to east, [[Commagene]], [[Sophene]], and [[Adiabene]], "formerly known as Assyria".
	<ref>{{cite book\|author=Pliny\|authorlink=Pliny the Elder\|origyear=AD 77\|url=http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/L/Roman/Texts/Pliny_the_Elder/5*.html\|title=Natural History\|chapter=Book 5 Section 66\|publisher=University of Chicago Website}}</ref> By Pliny's time, however, this larger Syria had been divided into a number of provinces under the [[Roman Empire]] (but politically independent from each other): [[Judaea]], later renamed [[Palestina (region)\|Palaestina]] in AD 135 (the region corresponding to modern day Israel, Jordan, and Palestinian Territories) in the extreme southwest, [[Phoenicia]] corresponding to Lebanon, with Damascena to the inland side of Phoenicia, [[Coele-Syria]] (or "Hollow Syria") south of the [[An Nahr al Kabir\|Eleutheris river]], and Mesopotamia.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/578856/Syria/29905/Roman-provincial-organization#default \|title=Syria :: Roman provincial organization - Britannica Online Encyclopedia \|publisher=Britannica.com \|date= \|accessdate=2008-10-25}}</ref>		<ref>cite book\|author=Pliny\|authorlink=Pliny the Elder\|origyear=AD 77\|url=http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/L/Roman/Texts/Pliny_the_Elder/5*.html\|title=Natural History\|chapter=Book 5 Section 66\|publisher=University of Chicago Website</ref> By Pliny's time, however, this larger Syria had been divided into a number of provinces under the [[Roman Empire]] (but politically independent from each other): [[Judaea]], later renamed [[Palestina (region)\|Palaestina]] in AD 135 (the region corresponding to modern day Israel, Jordan, and Palestinian Territories) in the extreme southwest, [[Phoenicia]] corresponding to Lebanon, with Damascena to the inland side of Phoenicia, [[Coele-Syria]] (or "Hollow Syria") south of the [[An Nahr al Kabir\|Eleutheris river]], and Mesopotamia.<ref>cite web\|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/578856/Syria/29905/Roman-provincial-organization#default \|title=Syria :: Roman provincial organization - Britannica Online Encyclopedia \|publisher=Britannica.com \|date= \|accessdate=2008-10-25</ref>

	== History ==		== History ==

Nick at 14:13, 15 September 2009

2009-09-15T14:13:37Z

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Nick at 13:58, 15 September 2009

2009-09-15T13:58:11Z

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	Syria		Syria (Arabic: سورية‎ sūriyya or سوريا sūryā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic: الجمهورية العربية السورية‎), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south and Israel to the southwest.

			The name Syria formerly comprised the entire region of the Levant, while the modern state encompasses the site of several ancient kingdoms and empires, including the Eblan civilization of the third millennium BC. In the Islamic era, its capital city, Damascus, was the seat of the Umayyad Empire and a provincial capital of the Mamluk Empire. Damascus is widely regarded as one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.[3]

			Modern Syria was created as a French mandate and attained independence in April 1946, as a parliamentary republic. The post-independence period was rocky, and a large number of military coups and coup attempts shook the country in the period 1949-1970. Syria has been under Emergency Law since 1962, effectively suspending most constitutional protections for citizens, and its system of government is considered non-democratic. [4] as The country has been governed by the Baath Party since 1963, although actual power is concentrated to the presidency and a narrow grouping of military and political strongmen. Syria's current president is Bashar al-Assad, son of Hafez al-Assad, who held office from 1970 until his death in 2000.[5][6] Syria has played a major regional role, particularly through its central role in the Arab conflict with Israel, which since 1967 has occupied the Golan Heights, and by active involvement in Lebanese and Palestinian affairs.

			The population is mainly Sunni Muslim, but with significant Alawi, Shia, Druze and Christian minorities. Since the 1960s, Alawite military officers have tended to dominate the country's politics. Ethnically, some 90% of the population is Arab, and the state is ruled by the Baath Party according to Arab nationalist principles, while approximately 10% belong to the Kurdish, Armenian, Aramaean Syriacs, Turkmen, Assyrian and Circassians minorities[7].


	==External Links==		==External Links==
	[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria Wikipedia Article on Syria]		[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria Wikipedia Article on Syria]

Nick: Protected "Syria" [edit=autoconfirmed:move=autoconfirmed]

2009-09-15T13:56:26Z

Protected "Syria" [edit=autoconfirmed:move=autoconfirmed]

← Older revision	Revision as of 13:56, 15 September 2009
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Nick at 13:56, 15 September 2009

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			Syria

	==External Links==		==External Links==
	[[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria Wikipedia Article on Syria]]		[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria Wikipedia Article on Syria]