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	== Bibliography ==		== Bibliography ==
	* Janssens, Gerard (1982). "Studies in Hebrew Historical Linguistics Based on Origen's Secunda". Orientalia Gandensia (Uitgeverij Peeters) 9. ISBN 2-8017-0189-0.		* Janssens, Gerard (1982). "Studies in Hebrew Historical Linguistics Based on Origen's Secunda". Orientalia Gandensia (Uitgeverij Peeters) 9. ISBN 2-8017-0189-0.

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	[[Category:3rd-century Christian texts]]		[[Category:3rd-century Christian texts]]

Nick: New page: The '''Secunda''' is the second column of Origen's Hexapla, a compilation of the Hebrew Bible and Greek versions.^[1] It consists of a transliteration of the Hebrew text ...

2015-03-02T07:44:50Z

New page: The '''Secunda''' is the second column of Origen's Hexapla, a compilation of the Hebrew Bible and Greek versions.[1] It consists of a transliteration of the Hebrew text ...

New page

The '''Secunda''' is the second column of [[Origen]]'s [[Hexapla]], a compilation of the Hebrew Bible and Greek versions.[1] It consists of a transliteration of the Hebrew text of the Hebrew Bible into Greek characters, and is the oldest coherent Hebrew text in existence.[2] As such it serves as an important document for Hebrew philology, in particular the study of [[Biblical Hebrew]] phonology.

== Authorship ==
There is contention as to whether the Secunda was written by Origen, a contemporary, or was a copy of a preexisting older text.[2] Some suppose that Origen wrote the text himself, perhaps with Jewish helpers.[2] Others suppose that the Secunda was a preexisting text, added into the Hexapla as an aid for the reader.[2] There is evidence that Jews of the time made use of transcriptions; for instance a passage in the Jerusalem Talmud describing how the Jews of Caesarea would misread the [[tetragrammaton]] as the graphically similar <πιπι>, suggesting the use of transcribed texts with the tetragrammaton preserved in Hebrew characters.[3] There is also phonetic evidence for the Secunda being a preexisting text. By the time of Origen <η αι> were pronounced [iː ɛː], a merger which had already begun around 100 BCE, while in the Secunda they are used to represent Hebrew /eː aj/.[3]

== Orthography ==
The text of the Secunda uses various [[Greek diacritics]]:

A [[Diaeresis (diacritic)|diaeresis]] is used on the character [[iota]] (<ι> to <ϊ>) precisely when iota occurs after a vowel, except when <ει> indicates /iː/.[4] This is completely independent of whether the segment is consonantal or vocalic in Hebrew, as the following examples attest:[4]
: <αλαϊ> = Tiberian /ʕaːlaj/
: <φεδιων> = Tiberian /piðjoːn/
The diaeresis was a later addition of the 8th or 9th century to the Secunda.[4]

The use of [[Rough breathing|rough]] and [[smooth breathing]] signs does not follow an obvious pattern; for example, compare <ἀμιμ> = Tiberian /ʕamːiːm/ versus <ἁφαρ> = Tiberian /ʕaːfaːr/.[5] These signs were also an addition of the 8th or 9th century.[5]

The use of accents in the Secunda does not correspond with stress in Masoretic Hebrew; their presence remains a puzzle.[6]

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Reflexes of proto-Semitic vowels[7]
! colspan="2" | Original vowel:
| a
| i
| u
| aː
| iː
| uː
|-
! rowspan="3" | Secunda
! long
| aː α
| eː η
| oː ω
| aː/oː α/ω
| iː/eː ι/η
| uː/oː ου/ω
|-
! short
| æ α
| e ε
| o ο
|
|
|
|-
! reduced
| ə α/ε/-
| ə α/ε/-
| ə α/ε/-
|
|
|
|}

== References ==
* 1. Janssens (1982:11–12)
* 2. Janssens (1982:13)
* 3. Janssens (1982:14)
* 4. Janssens (1982:38–39)
* 5. Janssens (1982:39–40)
* 6. Janssens (1982:40)
* 7. Janssens (1982:54)

== Bibliography ==
* Janssens, Gerard (1982). "Studies in Hebrew Historical Linguistics Based on Origen's Secunda". Orientalia Gandensia (Uitgeverij Peeters) 9. ISBN 2-8017-0189-0.

[[Category:3rd-century Christian texts]]
[[Category:Lost religious texts]]
[[Category:Early versions of the Bible]]
[[Category:Works by Origen]]
[[Category:Christian terminology]]

Secunda (Hexapla) - Revision history

KJV: Template:Donate

Nick: New page: The '''Secunda''' is the second column of Origen's Hexapla, a compilation of the Hebrew Bible and Greek versions.[1] It consists of a transliteration of the Hebrew text ...

Nick: New page: The '''Secunda''' is the second column of Origen's Hexapla, a compilation of the Hebrew Bible and Greek versions.^[1] It consists of a transliteration of the Hebrew text ...