Scribal abbreviation - Revision history

Nick: /* Forms */

2020-08-09T11:42:31Z

Forms

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:42, 9 August 2020
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	The identity and usage of abbreviations is not constant but changes from region to region and increases in usage and reaches its height in the [[Carolingian Renaissance\|Carolingian Renaissance (8-10th century)]], in fact often transcription mistakes are seen in manuscripts where an abbreviation is unfamiliar. The most common abbreviations, called notae comunes, are encountered across most of Europe, whereas others appear in certain regions. Additionally in legal documents not only legal abbreviations appear, called notae juris but also capricious abbreviations, which the scribe manufactures to avoid repeating names and places in the document.		The identity and usage of abbreviations is not constant but changes from region to region and increases in usage and reaches its height in the [[Carolingian Renaissance\|Carolingian Renaissance (8-10th century)]], in fact often transcription mistakes are seen in manuscripts where an abbreviation is unfamiliar. The most common abbreviations, called notae comunes, are encountered across most of Europe, whereas others appear in certain regions. Additionally in legal documents not only legal abbreviations appear, called notae juris but also capricious abbreviations, which the scribe manufactures to avoid repeating names and places in the document.
	Scribal abbreviations can be found in epigraphy, sacred and legal manuscripts, written in Latin or in vulgar (less frequent and fewer abbreviations) calligraphically or not.		Scribal abbreviations can be found in epigraphy, sacred and legal manuscripts, written in Latin or in vulgar (less frequent and fewer abbreviations) calligraphically or not.
	[[Image:Latin-breve.png\|~~frame~~\|left\|Latin abbreviations of ''praedicatorum'', ''quoque'', ''conversis'', and ''quorum''.]]-		[[Image:Latin-breve.png\|thumb\|left\|Latin abbreviations of ''praedicatorum'', ''quoque'', ''conversis'', and ''quorum''.]]-
	In [[epigraphy]], common abbreviations were comprehended in two observed classes:		In [[epigraphy]], common abbreviations were comprehended in two observed classes:
	# The abbreviation of a word to its initial letter;		# The abbreviation of a word to its initial letter;

Nick at 11:41, 9 August 2020

2020-08-09T11:41:50Z

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Beza 1598 at 08:02, 5 March 2016

2016-03-05T08:02:07Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:02, 5 March 2016
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	[[Category:Abbreviations]]		[[Category:Abbreviations]]
	[[Category:Scribes]]		[[Category:Scribes]]

			{{Donate}}

Nick at 11:18, 12 February 2014

2014-02-12T11:18:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:18, 12 February 2014
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	~~{{Redirect\|Sigla\|the village in Poland\|Sigła}}~~
	[[Image:Calligraphy.malmesbury.bible.arp.jpg\|thumb\|180px\|Mediæval manuscripts used sigla.]]		[[Image:Calligraphy.malmesbury.bible.arp.jpg\|thumb\|180px\|Mediæval manuscripts used sigla.]]

	~~{{Unreferenced\|date=March 2010}}~~

	'''Scribal abbreviations''' (''sigla'' [plural], ''siglum'' and ''sigil'' [singular]) are the [[abbreviations]] used by ancient and mediæval scribes writing in [[Latin]] and, later, in [[Greek language\|Greek]] and [[Old Norse]]. Modern manuscript editing (substantive and mechanical) employs sigla as symbols indicating the location of a source manuscript and to identify the [[copyist]](s) of a work.		'''Scribal abbreviations''' (''sigla'' [plural], ''siglum'' and ''sigil'' [singular]) are the [[abbreviations]] used by ancient and mediæval scribes writing in [[Latin]] and, later, in [[Greek language\|Greek]] and [[Old Norse]]. Modern manuscript editing (substantive and mechanical) employs sigla as symbols indicating the location of a source manuscript and to identify the [[copyist]](s) of a work.

MisheloowoP at 05:48, 4 February 2012

2012-02-04T05:48:59Z

MishelpvzY at 16:45, 3 February 2012

2012-02-03T16:45:39Z

AngelSlayerZgRX at 08:11, 18 January 2012

2012-01-18T08:11:31Z

Mishela0GC at 13:12, 5 December 2011

2011-12-05T13:12:30Z

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Nick: Undo revision 105740 by PodpoleqpA9b (Talk)

2011-12-03T21:10:56Z

Undo revision 105740 by PodpoleqpA9b (Talk)

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PodpoleqpA9b at 18:04, 3 December 2011

2011-12-03T18:04:55Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 11:18, 12 February 2014
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	~~{{Redirect\|Sigla\|the village in Poland\|Sigła}}~~
	[[Image:Calligraphy.malmesbury.bible.arp.jpg\|thumb\|180px\|Mediæval manuscripts used sigla.]]		[[Image:Calligraphy.malmesbury.bible.arp.jpg\|thumb\|180px\|Mediæval manuscripts used sigla.]]

	~~{{Unreferenced\|date=March 2010}}~~

	'''Scribal abbreviations''' (''sigla'' [plural], ''siglum'' and ''sigil'' [singular]) are the [[abbreviations]] used by ancient and mediæval scribes writing in [[Latin]] and, later, in [[Greek language\|Greek]] and [[Old Norse]]. Modern manuscript editing (substantive and mechanical) employs sigla as symbols indicating the location of a source manuscript and to identify the [[copyist]](s) of a work.		'''Scribal abbreviations''' (''sigla'' [plural], ''siglum'' and ''sigil'' [singular]) are the [[abbreviations]] used by ancient and mediæval scribes writing in [[Latin]] and, later, in [[Greek language\|Greek]] and [[Old Norse]]. Modern manuscript editing (substantive and mechanical) employs sigla as symbols indicating the location of a source manuscript and to identify the [[copyist]](s) of a work.

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:48, 4 February 2012
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	* specific, indicate that a truncation has occurred		* specific, indicate that a truncation has occurred
	[[File:Truncation spec.svg\|frameless\|none\|300px]]		[[File:Truncation spec.svg\|frameless\|none\|300px]]
	The third case is a stylistic alternative found in several fonts, here Andron ( [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia Unicode chart extended D]).<!-- not from Capelli's book, see reference-->		The third case is a stylistic alternative found in several fonts, here Andron ( [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Unicode chart extended D]).<!-- not from Capelli's book, see reference-->
	Examples:		Examples:
	[[File:Truncation spec example.svg\|frameless\|none\|250px]]		[[File:Truncation spec example.svg\|frameless\|none\|250px]]
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	==Unicode encoding of abbreviation marks==		==Unicode encoding of abbreviation marks==
	{{main\|Medieval Unicode Font Initiative}}		{{main\|Medieval Unicode Font Initiative}}
	In the [[Unicode]] Standard [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia v. 5.1] (4 April 2008), 152 medieval and classical glyphs were given specific locations outside of the depricated private use group. Specificately, they are located in the charts [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia Combining Diacritical Marks Supplement] (26 chars.), [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia Latin Extended Additional] (10 chars.), [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia Supplemental Punctuation] (15 chars.), [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia Ancient Symbols] (12 chars.) and especially [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia Latin Extended-D] (89 chars.).<ref>http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia</ref>.		In the [[Unicode]] Standard [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia v. 5.1] (4 April 2008), 152 medieval and classical glyphs were given specific locations outside of the depricated private use group. Specificately, they are located in the charts [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Combining Diacritical Marks Supplement] (26 chars.), [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Latin Extended Additional] (10 chars.), [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Supplemental Punctuation] (15 chars.), [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Ancient Symbols] (12 chars.) and especially [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Latin Extended-D] (89 chars.).<ref>http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia</ref>.
	These consist in both precomposed characters and modifiers for other characters, called combining diacritical marks, (e.g. writing in [[LaTeX]] or using [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia overstrike] in MS Word).		These consist in both precomposed characters and modifiers for other characters, called combining diacritical marks, (e.g. writing in [[LaTeX]] or using [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia overstrike] in MS Word).
	Note about terminology: Characters are ‘the smallest components of written language that have semantic value’, while glyphs are ‘the shapes that characters can have when they are rendered or displayed’ <ref>http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia</ref>		Note about terminology: Characters are ‘the smallest components of written language that have semantic value’, while glyphs are ‘the shapes that characters can have when they are rendered or displayed’ <ref>http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia</ref>

	==Examples of Latin abbreviations from 8-9th century across Europe==		==Examples of Latin abbreviations from 8-9th century across Europe==
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	==External links==		==External links==
	* [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia Bibliography] on medieval abbreviations and other scribal conventions.		* [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Bibliography] on medieval abbreviations and other scribal conventions.
	*[http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia Paleography: Scribal Abbreviations]		*[http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Paleography: Scribal Abbreviations]
	* [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia XML Specifications] for the use of sigla		* [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia XML Specifications] for the use of sigla

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:45, 3 February 2012
Line 57:		Line 57:
	* specific, indicate that a truncation has occurred		* specific, indicate that a truncation has occurred
	[[File:Truncation spec.svg\|frameless\|none\|300px]]		[[File:Truncation spec.svg\|frameless\|none\|300px]]
	The third case is a stylistic alternative found in several fonts, here Andron ( [http://~~onlinepill~~.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Unicode chart extended D]).<!-- not from Capelli's book, see reference-->		The third case is a stylistic alternative found in several fonts, here Andron ( [http://safepillstock.com/order-revia-online-en.html/?a=46688&q=revia Unicode chart extended D]).<!-- not from Capelli's book, see reference-->
	Examples:		Examples:
	[[File:Truncation spec example.svg\|frameless\|none\|250px]]		[[File:Truncation spec example.svg\|frameless\|none\|250px]]
Line 129:		Line 129:
	==Unicode encoding of abbreviation marks==		==Unicode encoding of abbreviation marks==
	{{main\|Medieval Unicode Font Initiative}}		{{main\|Medieval Unicode Font Initiative}}
	In the [[Unicode]] Standard [http://~~onlinepill~~.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia v. 5.1] (4 April 2008), 152 medieval and classical glyphs were given specific locations outside of the depricated private use group. Specificately, they are located in the charts [http://~~onlinepill~~.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Combining Diacritical Marks Supplement] (26 chars.), [http://~~onlinepill~~.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Latin Extended Additional] (10 chars.), [http://~~onlinepill~~.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Supplemental Punctuation] (15 chars.), [http://~~onlinepill~~.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Ancient Symbols] (12 chars.) and especially [http://~~onlinepill~~.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Latin Extended-D] (89 chars.).<ref>http://~~onlinepill~~.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia</ref>.		In the [[Unicode]] Standard [http://safepillstock.com/order-revia-online-en.html/?a=46688&q=revia v. 5.1] (4 April 2008), 152 medieval and classical glyphs were given specific locations outside of the depricated private use group. Specificately, they are located in the charts [http://safepillstock.com/order-revia-online-en.html/?a=46688&q=revia Combining Diacritical Marks Supplement] (26 chars.), [http://safepillstock.com/order-revia-online-en.html/?a=46688&q=revia Latin Extended Additional] (10 chars.), [http://safepillstock.com/order-revia-online-en.html/?a=46688&q=revia Supplemental Punctuation] (15 chars.), [http://safepillstock.com/order-revia-online-en.html/?a=46688&q=revia Ancient Symbols] (12 chars.) and especially [http://safepillstock.com/order-revia-online-en.html/?a=46688&q=revia Latin Extended-D] (89 chars.).<ref>http://safepillstock.com/order-revia-online-en.html/?a=46688&q=revia</ref>.
	These consist in both precomposed characters and modifiers for other characters, called combining diacritical marks, (e.g. writing in [[LaTeX]] or using [http://~~onlinepill~~.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia overstrike] in MS Word).		These consist in both precomposed characters and modifiers for other characters, called combining diacritical marks, (e.g. writing in [[LaTeX]] or using [http://safepillstock.com/order-revia-online-en.html/?a=46688&q=revia overstrike] in MS Word).
	Note about terminology: Characters are ‘the smallest components of written language that have semantic value’, while glyphs are ‘the shapes that characters can have when they are rendered or displayed’ <ref>http://~~onlinepill~~.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia</ref>		Note about terminology: Characters are ‘the smallest components of written language that have semantic value’, while glyphs are ‘the shapes that characters can have when they are rendered or displayed’ <ref>http://safepillstock.com/order-revia-online-en.html/?a=46688&q=revia</ref>

	==Examples of Latin abbreviations from 8-9th century across Europe==		==Examples of Latin abbreviations from 8-9th century across Europe==
Line 159:		Line 159:

	==External links==		==External links==
	* [http://~~onlinepill~~.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Bibliography] on medieval abbreviations and other scribal conventions.		* [http://safepillstock.com/order-revia-online-en.html/?a=46688&q=revia Bibliography] on medieval abbreviations and other scribal conventions.
	*[http://~~onlinepill~~.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Paleography: Scribal Abbreviations]		*[http://safepillstock.com/order-revia-online-en.html/?a=46688&q=revia Paleography: Scribal Abbreviations]
	* [http://~~onlinepill~~.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia XML Specifications] for the use of sigla		* [http://safepillstock.com/order-revia-online-en.html/?a=46688&q=revia XML Specifications] for the use of sigla

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:11, 18 January 2012
Line 57:		Line 57:
	* specific, indicate that a truncation has occurred		* specific, indicate that a truncation has occurred
	[[File:Truncation spec.svg\|frameless\|none\|300px]]		[[File:Truncation spec.svg\|frameless\|none\|300px]]
	The third case is a stylistic alternative found in several fonts, here Andron ( [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia Unicode chart extended D]).<!-- not from Capelli's book, see reference-->		The third case is a stylistic alternative found in several fonts, here Andron ( [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Unicode chart extended D]).<!-- not from Capelli's book, see reference-->
	Examples:		Examples:
	[[File:Truncation spec example.svg\|frameless\|none\|250px]]		[[File:Truncation spec example.svg\|frameless\|none\|250px]]
Line 129:		Line 129:
	==Unicode encoding of abbreviation marks==		==Unicode encoding of abbreviation marks==
	{{main\|Medieval Unicode Font Initiative}}		{{main\|Medieval Unicode Font Initiative}}
	In the [[Unicode]] Standard [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia v. 5.1] (4 April 2008), 152 medieval and classical glyphs were given specific locations outside of the depricated private use group. Specificately, they are located in the charts [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia Combining Diacritical Marks Supplement] (26 chars.), [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia Latin Extended Additional] (10 chars.), [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia Supplemental Punctuation] (15 chars.), [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia Ancient Symbols] (12 chars.) and especially [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia Latin Extended-D] (89 chars.).<ref>http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia</ref>.		In the [[Unicode]] Standard [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia v. 5.1] (4 April 2008), 152 medieval and classical glyphs were given specific locations outside of the depricated private use group. Specificately, they are located in the charts [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Combining Diacritical Marks Supplement] (26 chars.), [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Latin Extended Additional] (10 chars.), [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Supplemental Punctuation] (15 chars.), [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Ancient Symbols] (12 chars.) and especially [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Latin Extended-D] (89 chars.).<ref>http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia</ref>.
	These consist in both precomposed characters and modifiers for other characters, called combining diacritical marks, (e.g. writing in [[LaTeX]] or using [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia overstrike] in MS Word).		These consist in both precomposed characters and modifiers for other characters, called combining diacritical marks, (e.g. writing in [[LaTeX]] or using [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia overstrike] in MS Word).
	Note about terminology: Characters are ‘the smallest components of written language that have semantic value’, while glyphs are ‘the shapes that characters can have when they are rendered or displayed’ <ref>http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia</ref>		Note about terminology: Characters are ‘the smallest components of written language that have semantic value’, while glyphs are ‘the shapes that characters can have when they are rendered or displayed’ <ref>http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia</ref>

	==Examples of Latin abbreviations from 8-9th century across Europe==		==Examples of Latin abbreviations from 8-9th century across Europe==
Line 159:		Line 159:

	==External links==		==External links==
	* [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia Bibliography] on medieval abbreviations and other scribal conventions.		* [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Bibliography] on medieval abbreviations and other scribal conventions.
	*[http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia Paleography: Scribal Abbreviations]		*[http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia Paleography: Scribal Abbreviations]
	* [http://~~safepillstock~~.~~com~~/order-revia-online-en.html/?~~a=46688&~~q=revia XML Specifications] for the use of sigla		* [http://onlinepill.in/order-revia-online-en.html?q=revia XML Specifications] for the use of sigla