Francis Karl Alter - Revision history

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	* [http://digitalmarquette.cdmhost.com/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/p4007coll16&CISOPTR=251&CISOBOX=1&REC=2 at the ''Alfred Hamy's Jesuit Portrait Gallery'']		* [http://digitalmarquette.cdmhost.com/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/p4007coll16&CISOPTR=251&CISOBOX=1&REC=2 at the ''Alfred Hamy's Jesuit Portrait Gallery'']
	* [http://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Alter,_Franz_Karl ADB:Alter, Franz Karl]		* [http://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Alter,_Franz_Karl ADB:Alter, Franz Karl]

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	'''Francis Karl Alter''' ~~({{lang-de\|Franz Karl Alter}})~~ (1749–1804), a [[Jesuit]], born in [[Silesia]], and professor of Greek at [[Vienna]], was an editor of the Greek text of the [[New Testament]].<sup>[1]</sup> His edition was different from those of [[John Mill\|Mill]], [[Johann Jakob Wettstein\|Wettstein]], and [[Johann Jakob Griesbach\|Griesbach]], because he used only the manuscripts housed at the [[Austrian National Library\|Imperial Library]] at Vienna.<sup>[2]</sup> It was the first edition of the Greek New Testament that contained evidence from [[Slavic translations of the Bible#Old Church Slavonic and Church Slavonic\|Slavic]] manuscripts.<sup>[1]</sup>		'''Francis Karl Alter''' (1749–1804), a [[Jesuit]], born in [[Silesia]], and professor of Greek at [[Vienna]], was an editor of the Greek text of the [[New Testament]].<sup>[1]</sup> His edition was different from those of [[John Mill\|Mill]], [[Johann Jakob Wettstein\|Wettstein]], and [[Johann Jakob Griesbach\|Griesbach]], because he used only the manuscripts housed at the [[Austrian National Library\|Imperial Library]] at Vienna.<sup>[2]</sup> It was the first edition of the Greek New Testament that contained evidence from [[Slavic translations of the Bible#Old Church Slavonic and Church Slavonic\|Slavic]] manuscripts.<sup>[1]</sup>

	Alter used twelve manuscripts of the [[Gospel]]s ([[Codex Nanianus\|U]], [[Minuscule 3\|3]], [[Minuscule 76\|76]], [[Minuscule 77\|77]], [[Minuscule 108\|108]], [[Minuscule 123\|123]], [[Minuscule 124\|124]], [[Minuscule 125\|125]], [[Minuscule 219\|219]], [[Minuscule 220\|220]], [[Minuscule 224\|224]], [[Minuscule 225\|225]]), six of the [[Acts of the Apostles\|Acts]] (3, [[Minuscule 76\|43<sup>a</sup>]], [[Minuscule 404\|63<sup>a</sup>]], [[Minuscule 421\|64<sup>a</sup>]], [[Minuscule 424\|66<sup>a</sup>]], [[Minuscule 425\|67<sup>a</sup>]]), seven of the [[Pauline epistles]] (3, [[Minuscule 76\|49<sup>p</sup>]], [[Minuscule 424\|67<sup>p</sup>]], [[Minuscule 404\|68<sup>p</sup>]], [[Minuscule 421\|69<sup>p</sup>]], [[Minuscule 425\|70<sup>p</sup>]], [[Minuscule 1912\|71<sup>p</sup>]]), three of the [[Book of Revelation\|Apocalypse]] ([[Minuscule 424\|34<sup>r</sup>]], [[Minuscule 2018\|35<sup>r</sup>]], [[Minuscule 2019\|36<sup>r</sup>]]), and two Evangelistaria ([[Lectionary 45\|'''ℓ''' ''45'']], [[Lectionary 46\|'''ℓ''' ''46'']]). He also used readings from the [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic\|Coptic Bohairic version]] (edited by [[David Wilkins (orientalist)\|David Wilkins]] in 1716), four Slavonic codices and one Old Latin codex ([[Codex Vindobonensis Lat. 1235\|i]]). Most of these Vienna codices were also examined by [[Andrew Birch]].<sup>[3]</sup>		Alter used twelve manuscripts of the [[Gospel]]s ([[Codex Nanianus\|U]], [[Minuscule 3\|3]], [[Minuscule 76\|76]], [[Minuscule 77\|77]], [[Minuscule 108\|108]], [[Minuscule 123\|123]], [[Minuscule 124\|124]], [[Minuscule 125\|125]], [[Minuscule 219\|219]], [[Minuscule 220\|220]], [[Minuscule 224\|224]], [[Minuscule 225\|225]]), six of the [[Acts of the Apostles\|Acts]] (3, [[Minuscule 76\|43<sup>a</sup>]], [[Minuscule 404\|63<sup>a</sup>]], [[Minuscule 421\|64<sup>a</sup>]], [[Minuscule 424\|66<sup>a</sup>]], [[Minuscule 425\|67<sup>a</sup>]]), seven of the [[Pauline epistles]] (3, [[Minuscule 76\|49<sup>p</sup>]], [[Minuscule 424\|67<sup>p</sup>]], [[Minuscule 404\|68<sup>p</sup>]], [[Minuscule 421\|69<sup>p</sup>]], [[Minuscule 425\|70<sup>p</sup>]], [[Minuscule 1912\|71<sup>p</sup>]]), three of the [[Book of Revelation\|Apocalypse]] ([[Minuscule 424\|34<sup>r</sup>]], [[Minuscule 2018\|35<sup>r</sup>]], [[Minuscule 2019\|36<sup>r</sup>]]), and two Evangelistaria ([[Lectionary 45\|'''ℓ''' ''45'']], [[Lectionary 46\|'''ℓ''' ''46'']]). He also used readings from the [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic\|Coptic Bohairic version]] (edited by [[David Wilkins (orientalist)\|David Wilkins]] in 1716), four Slavonic codices and one Old Latin codex ([[Codex Vindobonensis Lat. 1235\|i]]). Most of these Vienna codices were also examined by [[Andrew Birch]].<sup>[3]</sup>

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Nick: Protected "Francis Karl Alter" [edit=autoconfirmed:move=autoconfirmed]

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Protected "Francis Karl Alter" [edit=autoconfirmed:move=autoconfirmed]

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Nick: New page: '''Francis Karl Alter''' ({{lang-de|Franz Karl Alter}}) (1749–1804), a Jesuit, born in Silesia, and professor of Greek at Vienna, was an editor of the Greek text of the [[New...

2011-05-09T10:28:51Z

New page: '''Francis Karl Alter''' ({{lang-de|Franz Karl Alter}}) (1749–1804), a Jesuit, born in Silesia, and professor of Greek at Vienna, was an editor of the Greek text of the [[New...

New page

'''Francis Karl Alter''' ({{lang-de|Franz Karl Alter}}) (1749–1804), a [[Jesuit]], born in [[Silesia]], and professor of Greek at [[Vienna]], was an editor of the Greek text of the [[New Testament]].[1] His edition was different from those of [[John Mill|Mill]], [[Johann Jakob Wettstein|Wettstein]], and [[Johann Jakob Griesbach|Griesbach]], because he used only the manuscripts housed at the [[Austrian National Library|Imperial Library]] at Vienna.[2] It was the first edition of the Greek New Testament that contained evidence from [[Slavic translations of the Bible#Old Church Slavonic and Church Slavonic|Slavic]] manuscripts.[1]

Alter used twelve manuscripts of the [[Gospel]]s ([[Codex Nanianus|U]], [[Minuscule 3|3]], [[Minuscule 76|76]], [[Minuscule 77|77]], [[Minuscule 108|108]], [[Minuscule 123|123]], [[Minuscule 124|124]], [[Minuscule 125|125]], [[Minuscule 219|219]], [[Minuscule 220|220]], [[Minuscule 224|224]], [[Minuscule 225|225]]), six of the [[Acts of the Apostles|Acts]] (3, [[Minuscule 76|43a]], [[Minuscule 404|63a]], [[Minuscule 421|64a]], [[Minuscule 424|66a]], [[Minuscule 425|67a]]), seven of the [[Pauline epistles]] (3, [[Minuscule 76|49p]], [[Minuscule 424|67p]], [[Minuscule 404|68p]], [[Minuscule 421|69p]], [[Minuscule 425|70p]], [[Minuscule 1912|71p]]), three of the [[Book of Revelation|Apocalypse]] ([[Minuscule 424|34r]], [[Minuscule 2018|35r]], [[Minuscule 2019|36r]]), and two Evangelistaria ([[Lectionary 45|'''ℓ''' ''45'']], [[Lectionary 46|'''ℓ''' ''46'']]). He also used readings from the [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|Coptic Bohairic version]] (edited by [[David Wilkins (orientalist)|David Wilkins]] in 1716), four Slavonic codices and one Old Latin codex ([[Codex Vindobonensis Lat. 1235|i]]). Most of these Vienna codices were also examined by [[Andrew Birch]].[3]

Bp. Marsh gave this opinion:
: "The text of this edition is neither the common text nor a revision of it, but a mere copy from a single manuscript, and that not a very ancient one".[4]

It was not the [[Textus Receptus]], and it was not an important edition for textual criticism, but Alter's comparison of Slavic and Greek texts did provide material for future textual criticism.[2]

Alter also edited [[Homer]]'s [[Iliad]] (1789) and [[Odyssey]] (1794) and wrote an essay on [[Georgia (country)|Georgian]] literature ([[1798 AD|1798]]).

==Works==
* ''Novum Testamentum Graecum, ad Codicem Vindobonensem Graece expressum: Varietam Lectionis addidit Franciscus Carolus Alter'', 2 vols. 8vo, Vienna, [[1786 AD|1786]]-[[1787 AD|1787]].

==References==
* 1. [[Bruce M. Metzger]], [[Bart D. Ehrman]], "The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration", Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 168.
* 2. [[Samuel Prideaux Tregelles|S. P. Tregelles]], The Printed Text of the Greek New Testament, London 1854, p. 692.
* 3. [[Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener|Scrivener]], Frederick Henry Ambrose (1894, 2005 reprint). A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, Vol. 2. London: George Bell & Sons. p. 220.
* 4. Marsh, Lectures, part II, 1848, p. 148.

== External links ==
* [http://digitalmarquette.cdmhost.com/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/p4007coll16&CISOPTR=251&CISOBOX=1&REC=2 at the ''Alfred Hamy's Jesuit Portrait Gallery'']
* [http://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Alter,_Franz_Karl ADB:Alter, Franz Karl]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Alter, Francis Karl}}
[[Category:1747 births]]
[[Category:1804 deaths]]
[[Category:18th-century Austrian people]]
[[Category:18th-century Jesuits]]
[[Category:Austrian Jesuits]]
[[Category:New Testament scholars]]
[[Category:Austrian biblical scholars]]
[[Category:Austrian academics]]
[[Category:German scholars]]
[[Category:University of Vienna faculty]]
[[Category:Silesian Germans]]
[[Category:Austrian people of Silesian German descent]]
{{Christian-theologian-stub}}
{{Austria-bio-stub}}