Calvinism - Revision history

Nick at 13:16, 30 November 2018

2018-11-30T13:16:28Z

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	In this view, all people are entirely at the mercy of God, who would be just in condemning all people for their [[sin]]s, but who has chosen to be merciful to some. One person is saved while another is condemned, not because of a foreseen willingness, faith, or any other virtue in the first person, but because God sovereignly chose to have mercy on them. Although the person must believe the gospel and respond to be saved, this obedience of faith is God's gift, and thus God completely and sovereignly accomplishes the salvation of sinners. Views of predestination to [[damnation]] (the doctrine of [[reprobation]]) are less uniform than is the view of predestination to [[salvation]] (the doctrine of election) among self-described Calvinists (see [[Supralapsarianism and Infralapsarianism]]).		In this view, all people are entirely at the mercy of God, who would be just in condemning all people for their [[sin]]s, but who has chosen to be merciful to some. One person is saved while another is condemned, not because of a foreseen willingness, faith, or any other virtue in the first person, but because God sovereignly chose to have mercy on them. Although the person must believe the gospel and respond to be saved, this obedience of faith is God's gift, and thus God completely and sovereignly accomplishes the salvation of sinners. Views of predestination to [[damnation]] (the doctrine of [[reprobation]]) are less uniform than is the view of predestination to [[salvation]] (the doctrine of election) among self-described Calvinists (see [[Supralapsarianism and Infralapsarianism]]).

	In practice, Calvinists teach sovereign grace primarily for the encouragement of the church because they believe the doctrine demonstrates the extent of God's love in saving those who could not and would not follow him, as well as squelching pride and self-reliance and emphasizing the Christian's total dependence on the grace of God. In the same way, [[sanctification]] in the Calvinist view requires a continual reliance on God to purge the Christian's depraved heart from the power of sin and to further the Christian's joy.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.modernreformation.org/default.php?page=articledisplay&var1=ArtRead&var2=270&var3=authorbio&var4=AutRes&var5=42\|title=Gospel-Driven Sanctification\|author=Bridges, Jerry\|accessdate=2007-05-31}}</ref>		In practice, Calvinists teach sovereign grace primarily for the encouragement of the church because they believe the doctrine demonstrates the extent of God's love in saving those who could not and would not follow him, as well as squelching pride and self-reliance and emphasizing the Christian's total dependence on the grace of God. In the same way, [[sanctification]] in the Calvinist view requires a continual reliance on God to purge the Christian's depraved heart from the power of sin and to further the Christian's joy.

	===Five points of Calvinism===		===Five points of Calvinism===

Nick at 13:14, 30 November 2018

2018-11-30T13:14:19Z

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	'''Calvinism''' (named for [[John Calvin]] and also called the '''Reformed tradition''', the '''Reformed faith''', or '''Reformed theology''') is a [[theology\|theological]] system and an approach to the [[Christian]] life that emphasizes God's [[sovereignty]] or control over all things.		'''Calvinism''' (named for [[John Calvin]] and also called the '''Reformed tradition''', the '''Reformed faith''', or '''Reformed theology''') is a [[theology\|theological]] system and an approach to the [[Christian]] life that emphasizes God's [[sovereignty]] or control over all things.

	The Reformed tradition was advanced by several theologians such as [[Martin Bucer]], [[Heinrich Bullinger]], [[Peter Martyr Vermigli]], and [[Huldrych Zwingli]], but it bears the name of the French [[Protestant Reformation\|reformer]] [[John Calvin]] because of his prominent influence on it and because of his role in the confessional and ecclesiastical debates throughout the 16th century. Today, this term also refers to the doctrines and practices of the [[Reformed churches]] of which Calvin was an early leader. Less commonly, it can refer to the individual teaching of Calvin himself.<> The system is best known for its doctrines of [[predestination (Calvinism)\|predestination]] and [[total depravity]].		The Reformed tradition was advanced by several theologians such as [[Martin Bucer]], [[Heinrich Bullinger]], [[Peter Martyr Vermigli]], and [[Huldrych Zwingli]], but it bears the name of the French [[Protestant Reformation\|reformer]] [[John Calvin]] because of his prominent influence on it and because of his role in the confessional and ecclesiastical debates throughout the 16th century. Today, this term also refers to the doctrines and practices of the [[Reformed churches]] of which Calvin was an early leader. Less commonly, it can refer to the individual teaching of Calvin himself. The system is best known for its doctrines of [[predestination (Calvinism)\|predestination]] and [[total depravity]].

	==Historical background==		==Historical background==
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	[[Image:John Calvin - best likeness.jpg\|thumb\|John Calvin]]		[[Image:John Calvin - best likeness.jpg\|thumb\|John Calvin]]
	[[John Calvin]]'s international influence on the development of the doctrines of the [[Protestant Reformation]] began at the age of 25, when he started work on his first edition of the ''[[Institutes of the Christian Religion]]'' in 1534 (published 1536). This work underwent a number of revisions in his lifetime, including an impressive French vernacular translation. The ''Institutes'' together with Calvin's polemical and pastoral works, his contributions to [[confession of faith\|confessional documents]] for use in churches, and his massive out-pouring of [[Bible commentary\|commentary on the Bible]], meant that Calvin had a direct personal influence on Protestantism. Along with [[Martin Bucer]], [[Heinrich Bullinger]], [[Peter Martyr Vermigli]], and [[Huldrych Zwingli]], Calvin influenced the doctrines of the Reformed churches. He eventually became the most prominent of those reformers.		[[John Calvin]]'s international influence on the development of the doctrines of the [[Protestant Reformation]] began at the age of 25, when he started work on his first edition of the ''[[Institutes of the Christian Religion]]'' in [[1534 AD\|1534]] (published [[1536 AD\|1536]]). This work underwent a number of revisions in his lifetime, including an impressive French vernacular translation. The ''Institutes'' together with Calvin's polemical and pastoral works, his contributions to [[confession of faith\|confessional documents]] for use in churches, and his massive out-pouring of [[Bible commentary\|commentary on the Bible]], meant that Calvin had a direct personal influence on Protestantism. Along with [[Martin Bucer]], [[Heinrich Bullinger]], [[Peter Martyr Vermigli]], and [[Huldrych Zwingli]], Calvin influenced the doctrines of the Reformed churches. He eventually became the most prominent of those reformers.

	The rising importance of the Reformed churches, and of Calvin, belongs to the second phase of the [[Protestant Reformation]], when evangelical churches began to form after [[Martin Luther]] was excommunicated from the [[Roman Catholic Church\|Catholic Church]]. Calvin was a French exile in [[Geneva]]. He had signed the Lutheran [[Augsburg Confession]] as it was revised by [[Philipp Melancthon\|Melancthon]] in 1540, but his influence was first felt in the [[Swiss Reformation]], which was not [[Lutheran]], but rather followed [[Huldrych Zwingli]]. It became evident early on that doctrine in the [[Reformed churches]] was developing in a direction independent of [[Martin Luther\|Luther's]], under the influence of numerous writers and reformers, among whom Calvin eventually became pre-eminent. Much later, when his fame was attached to the Reformed churches, their whole body of doctrine came to be called "Calvinism".		The rising importance of the Reformed churches, and of Calvin, belongs to the second phase of the [[Protestant Reformation]], when evangelical churches began to form after [[Martin Luther]] was excommunicated from the [[Roman Catholic Church\|Catholic Church]]. Calvin was a French exile in [[Geneva]]. He had signed the Lutheran [[Augsburg Confession]] as it was revised by [[Philipp Melancthon\|Melancthon]] in 1540, but his influence was first felt in the [[Swiss Reformation]], which was not [[Lutheran]], but rather followed [[Huldrych Zwingli]]. It became evident early on that doctrine in the [[Reformed churches]] was developing in a direction independent of [[Martin Luther\|Luther's]], under the influence of numerous writers and reformers, among whom Calvin eventually became pre-eminent. Much later, when his fame was attached to the Reformed churches, their whole body of doctrine came to be called "Calvinism".

Nick at 05:33, 5 March 2017

2017-03-05T05:33:26Z

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	'''Calvinism''' (named for [[John Calvin]] and also called the '''Reformed tradition''', the '''Reformed faith''', or '''Reformed theology''') is a [[theology\|theological]] system and an approach to the [[Christian]] life that emphasizes God's [[sovereignty]] or control over all things.		'''Calvinism''' (named for [[John Calvin]] and also called the '''Reformed tradition''', the '''Reformed faith''', or '''Reformed theology''') is a [[theology\|theological]] system and an approach to the [[Christian]] life that emphasizes God's [[sovereignty]] or control over all things.

	The Reformed tradition was advanced by several theologians such as [[Martin Bucer]], [[Heinrich Bullinger]], [[Peter Martyr Vermigli]], and [[Huldrych Zwingli]], but it bears the name of the French [[Protestant Reformation\|reformer]] [[John Calvin]] because of his prominent influence on it and because of his role in the confessional and ecclesiastical debates throughout the 16th century. Today, this term also refers to the doctrines and practices of the [[Reformed churches]] of which Calvin was an early leader. Less commonly, it can refer to the individual teaching of Calvin himself.<ref>Warfield, p. 359: "Sometimes ['Calvinism'] designates merely the individual teaching of John Calvin. Sometimes it designates, more broadly, the doctrinal system confessed by that body of Protestant Churches known historically, in distinction from the Lutheran Churches, as 'the Reformed Churches' but also quite commonly called 'the Calvinistic Churches' because the great scientific exposition of their faith in the Reformation age, and perhaps the most influential of any age, was given by John Calvin. Sometimes it designates, more broadly still, the entire body of conceptions, theological, ethical, philosophical, social, political, which, under the influence of the master mind of John Calvin, raised itself to dominance in the Protestant lands of the post-Reformation age, and has left a permanent mark not only upon the thought of mankind, but upon the life-history of men, the social order of civilized peoples and even the political organization of States."</ref> The system is best known for its doctrines of [[predestination (Calvinism)\|predestination]] and [[total depravity]].		The Reformed tradition was advanced by several theologians such as [[Martin Bucer]], [[Heinrich Bullinger]], [[Peter Martyr Vermigli]], and [[Huldrych Zwingli]], but it bears the name of the French [[Protestant Reformation\|reformer]] [[John Calvin]] because of his prominent influence on it and because of his role in the confessional and ecclesiastical debates throughout the 16th century. Today, this term also refers to the doctrines and practices of the [[Reformed churches]] of which Calvin was an early leader. Less commonly, it can refer to the individual teaching of Calvin himself.<> The system is best known for its doctrines of [[predestination (Calvinism)\|predestination]] and [[total depravity]].

	==Historical background==		==Historical background==

Beza 1598 at 10:00, 5 March 2016

2016-03-05T10:00:48Z

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	[[Category:Calvinist theology]]		[[Category:Calvinist theology]]
	[[Category:Calvinism]]		[[Category:Calvinism]]

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Nick at 13:45, 20 January 2011

2011-01-20T13:45:30Z

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	~~{{Calvinism}}~~
	'''Calvinism''' (named for [[John Calvin]] and also called the '''Reformed tradition''', the '''Reformed faith''', or '''Reformed theology''') is a [[theology\|theological]] system and an approach to the [[Christian]] life that emphasizes God's [[sovereignty]] or control over all things.		'''Calvinism''' (named for [[John Calvin]] and also called the '''Reformed tradition''', the '''Reformed faith''', or '''Reformed theology''') is a [[theology\|theological]] system and an approach to the [[Christian]] life that emphasizes God's [[sovereignty]] or control over all things.

Nick at 04:09, 5 December 2009

2009-12-05T04:09:33Z

Show changes

Nick: /* Irresistible grace */

2009-12-05T04:01:10Z

Irresistible grace

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	====Irresistible grace====		====Irresistible grace====
	~~{{main\|~~Irresistible grace}}		See Also [[Irresistible grace]]
	The doctrine of irresistible grace (also called "efficacious grace") asserts that the saving grace of God is effectually applied to those whom he has determined to save (that is, the elect) and, in God's timing, overcomes their resistance to obeying the call of the gospel, bringing them to a saving faith.		The doctrine of irresistible grace (also called "efficacious grace") asserts that the saving grace of God is effectually applied to those whom he has determined to save (that is, the elect) and, in God's timing, overcomes their resistance to obeying the call of the gospel, bringing them to a saving faith.

Nick: /* Limited atonement */

2009-12-05T04:00:43Z

Limited atonement

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	====Limited atonement====		====Limited atonement====
	~~{{main\|~~Limited atonement}}		''See Also [[Limited atonement]]''

	Also called "particular redemption" or "definite atonement", the doctrine of limited atonement is the teaching that [[Jesus]]' [[substitutionary atonement]] was definite and certain in its design and accomplishment. The doctrine is driven by the concept of the sovereignty of God in salvation and the Calvinistic understanding of the nature of the atonement. Namely, Calvinists view the atonement as a [[penal substitution]] (that is, Jesus was punished in the place of sinners), and since, Calvinists argue, it would be unjust for God to pay the penalty for some people's sins and then still condemn them for those sins, all those whose sins were atoned for must necessarily be saved.		Also called "particular redemption" or "definite atonement", the doctrine of limited atonement is the teaching that [[Jesus]]' [[substitutionary atonement]] was definite and certain in its design and accomplishment. The doctrine is driven by the concept of the sovereignty of God in salvation and the Calvinistic understanding of the nature of the atonement. Namely, Calvinists view the atonement as a [[penal substitution]] (that is, Jesus was punished in the place of sinners), and since, Calvinists argue, it would be unjust for God to pay the penalty for some people's sins and then still condemn them for those sins, all those whose sins were atoned for must necessarily be saved.

Nick: /* Unconditional election */

2009-12-05T04:00:20Z

Unconditional election

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	====Unconditional election====		====Unconditional election====
	~~{{main\|~~Unconditional election}}		''See Also [[Unconditional election]]''
	The doctrine of unconditional election asserts that God's choice from [[eternity]] of those whom he will bring to himself is not based on foreseen virtue, merit, or faith in those people. Rather, it is unconditionally grounded in God's mercy alone.		The doctrine of unconditional election asserts that God's choice from [[eternity]] of those whom he will bring to himself is not based on foreseen virtue, merit, or faith in those people. Rather, it is unconditionally grounded in God's mercy alone.

Nick: /* Total depravity */

2009-12-05T03:59:49Z

Total depravity

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	====Total depravity====		====Total depravity====
	''See Also [[Total depravity]]''		''See Also [[Total depravity]]''

	The doctrine of total depravity (also called "total inability") asserts that, as a consequence of the [[fall of man\|fall of humanity into sin]], every person born into the world is enslaved to the service of [[sin]]. People are not by nature inclined to love God with their whole heart, mind, or strength, but rather all are inclined to serve their own interests over those of their neighbor and to reject the rule of God. Thus, all people by their own faculties are morally unable to choose to follow God and be saved because they are unwilling to do so out of the necessity of their own natures. (The term "total" in this context refers to sin affecting every part of a person, not that every person is as evil as possible.)		The doctrine of total depravity (also called "total inability") asserts that, as a consequence of the [[fall of man\|fall of humanity into sin]], every person born into the world is enslaved to the service of [[sin]]. People are not by nature inclined to love God with their whole heart, mind, or strength, but rather all are inclined to serve their own interests over those of their neighbor and to reject the rule of God. Thus, all people by their own faculties are morally unable to choose to follow God and be saved because they are unwilling to do so out of the necessity of their own natures. (The term "total" in this context refers to sin affecting every part of a person, not that every person is as evil as possible.)

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:14, 30 November 2018
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	'''Calvinism''' (named for [[John Calvin]] and also called the '''Reformed tradition''', the '''Reformed faith''', or '''Reformed theology''') is a [[theology\|theological]] system and an approach to the [[Christian]] life that emphasizes God's [[sovereignty]] or control over all things.		'''Calvinism''' (named for [[John Calvin]] and also called the '''Reformed tradition''', the '''Reformed faith''', or '''Reformed theology''') is a [[theology\|theological]] system and an approach to the [[Christian]] life that emphasizes God's [[sovereignty]] or control over all things.

	The Reformed tradition was advanced by several theologians such as [[Martin Bucer]], [[Heinrich Bullinger]], [[Peter Martyr Vermigli]], and [[Huldrych Zwingli]], but it bears the name of the French [[Protestant Reformation\|reformer]] [[John Calvin]] because of his prominent influence on it and because of his role in the confessional and ecclesiastical debates throughout the 16th century. Today, this term also refers to the doctrines and practices of the [[Reformed churches]] of which Calvin was an early leader. Less commonly, it can refer to the individual teaching of Calvin himself.<> The system is best known for its doctrines of [[predestination (Calvinism)\|predestination]] and [[total depravity]].		The Reformed tradition was advanced by several theologians such as [[Martin Bucer]], [[Heinrich Bullinger]], [[Peter Martyr Vermigli]], and [[Huldrych Zwingli]], but it bears the name of the French [[Protestant Reformation\|reformer]] [[John Calvin]] because of his prominent influence on it and because of his role in the confessional and ecclesiastical debates throughout the 16th century. Today, this term also refers to the doctrines and practices of the [[Reformed churches]] of which Calvin was an early leader. Less commonly, it can refer to the individual teaching of Calvin himself. The system is best known for its doctrines of [[predestination (Calvinism)\|predestination]] and [[total depravity]].

	==Historical background==		==Historical background==
Line 7:		Line 7:

	[[Image:John Calvin - best likeness.jpg\|thumb\|John Calvin]]		[[Image:John Calvin - best likeness.jpg\|thumb\|John Calvin]]
	[[John Calvin]]'s international influence on the development of the doctrines of the [[Protestant Reformation]] began at the age of 25, when he started work on his first edition of the ''[[Institutes of the Christian Religion]]'' in 1534 (published 1536). This work underwent a number of revisions in his lifetime, including an impressive French vernacular translation. The ''Institutes'' together with Calvin's polemical and pastoral works, his contributions to [[confession of faith\|confessional documents]] for use in churches, and his massive out-pouring of [[Bible commentary\|commentary on the Bible]], meant that Calvin had a direct personal influence on Protestantism. Along with [[Martin Bucer]], [[Heinrich Bullinger]], [[Peter Martyr Vermigli]], and [[Huldrych Zwingli]], Calvin influenced the doctrines of the Reformed churches. He eventually became the most prominent of those reformers.		[[John Calvin]]'s international influence on the development of the doctrines of the [[Protestant Reformation]] began at the age of 25, when he started work on his first edition of the ''[[Institutes of the Christian Religion]]'' in [[1534 AD\|1534]] (published [[1536 AD\|1536]]). This work underwent a number of revisions in his lifetime, including an impressive French vernacular translation. The ''Institutes'' together with Calvin's polemical and pastoral works, his contributions to [[confession of faith\|confessional documents]] for use in churches, and his massive out-pouring of [[Bible commentary\|commentary on the Bible]], meant that Calvin had a direct personal influence on Protestantism. Along with [[Martin Bucer]], [[Heinrich Bullinger]], [[Peter Martyr Vermigli]], and [[Huldrych Zwingli]], Calvin influenced the doctrines of the Reformed churches. He eventually became the most prominent of those reformers.

	The rising importance of the Reformed churches, and of Calvin, belongs to the second phase of the [[Protestant Reformation]], when evangelical churches began to form after [[Martin Luther]] was excommunicated from the [[Roman Catholic Church\|Catholic Church]]. Calvin was a French exile in [[Geneva]]. He had signed the Lutheran [[Augsburg Confession]] as it was revised by [[Philipp Melancthon\|Melancthon]] in 1540, but his influence was first felt in the [[Swiss Reformation]], which was not [[Lutheran]], but rather followed [[Huldrych Zwingli]]. It became evident early on that doctrine in the [[Reformed churches]] was developing in a direction independent of [[Martin Luther\|Luther's]], under the influence of numerous writers and reformers, among whom Calvin eventually became pre-eminent. Much later, when his fame was attached to the Reformed churches, their whole body of doctrine came to be called "Calvinism".		The rising importance of the Reformed churches, and of Calvin, belongs to the second phase of the [[Protestant Reformation]], when evangelical churches began to form after [[Martin Luther]] was excommunicated from the [[Roman Catholic Church\|Catholic Church]]. Calvin was a French exile in [[Geneva]]. He had signed the Lutheran [[Augsburg Confession]] as it was revised by [[Philipp Melancthon\|Melancthon]] in 1540, but his influence was first felt in the [[Swiss Reformation]], which was not [[Lutheran]], but rather followed [[Huldrych Zwingli]]. It became evident early on that doctrine in the [[Reformed churches]] was developing in a direction independent of [[Martin Luther\|Luther's]], under the influence of numerous writers and reformers, among whom Calvin eventually became pre-eminent. Much later, when his fame was attached to the Reformed churches, their whole body of doctrine came to be called "Calvinism".