Book of Zechariah - Revision history

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	Some scholars accept the book as the writings of one individual. For example, George Livingstone Robinson's dissertation on chapters 9-14<ref>Published in ''The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures'', Vol. 12, No. 1/2 (Oct 1895 - Jan 1896), pp. 1-92.</ref> concluded that those chapters had their origin in the period between 518 and 516 B.C. and stand in close relation to chapters 1-8, having most probably been composed by Zechariah himself.		Some scholars accept the book as the writings of one individual. For example, George Livingstone Robinson's dissertation on chapters 9-14<ref>Published in ''The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures'', Vol. 12, No. 1/2 (Oct 1895 - Jan 1896), pp. 1-92.</ref> concluded that those chapters had their origin in the period between 518 and 516 B.C. and stand in close relation to chapters 1-8, having most probably been composed by Zechariah himself.

	Others~~{{Fact\|date=October 2008}}~~ have concluded that there was more than one contributor to the book. In this view, chapters 1–8 are treated as being the work of the "original" Zechariah. His prophecies and writings were collected by his disciples and his prophetic mantle handed down to other disciples, who bear responsibility for chapters 9–14; so, rather than a single author, there was an inspired tradition of Zechariah after the "original" prophet, and the character of this original is to be found within the lines of chapters 1–8.		Others have concluded that there was more than one contributor to the book. In this view, chapters 1–8 are treated as being the work of the "original" Zechariah. His prophecies and writings were collected by his disciples and his prophetic mantle handed down to other disciples, who bear responsibility for chapters 9–14; so, rather than a single author, there was an inspired tradition of Zechariah after the "original" prophet, and the character of this original is to be found within the lines of chapters 1–8.

	==Composition==		==Composition==
	~~{{more\|~~Babylonian captivity}}		[[Babylonian captivity]]

	The return from exile is the theological premise of prophet's visions in chapters 1-6. Chapters 7–8 address the [[quality of life]] God wants his renewed people to enjoy, containing many encouraging promises to them. Chapters 9-14 comprise two "[[oracle]]s" of the future.		The return from exile is the theological premise of prophet's visions in chapters 1-6. Chapters 7–8 address the [[quality of life]] God wants his renewed people to enjoy, containing many encouraging promises to them. Chapters 9-14 comprise two "[[oracle]]s" of the future.

Beza 1598 at 08:05, 5 March 2016

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	* [http://www.chabad.org/library/archive/LibraryArchive2.asp?AID=15768 Zechariah (Judaica Press)] translation with [[Rashi]]'s commentary at [[Chabad.org]]		* [http://www.chabad.org/library/archive/LibraryArchive2.asp?AID=15768 Zechariah (Judaica Press)] translation with [[Rashi]]'s commentary at [[Chabad.org]]
	*[http://www.gospelhall.org/bible/bible.php?passage=Zechariah+1 ''Online Bible'' at GospelHall.org] (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)		*[http://www.gospelhall.org/bible/bible.php?passage=Zechariah+1 ''Online Bible'' at GospelHall.org] (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)

			{{Donate}}

Nick: /* Historical Context */

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Historical Context

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	==Historical Context==		==Historical Context==
	Zechariah’s ministry took place during the reign of [[Darius the Great]] ([[Zechariah 1:1]]), and was contemporary with [[Haggai]] in a post-[[Babylonian captivity\|exilic]] world after the fall of [[Jerusalem]] in 586/7 BC. [[Ezekiel]] and [[Jeremiah]] wrote prior to the fall of Jerusalem, while continuing to prophecy in the earlier exile period. Scholars believe Ezekiel, with his blending of ceremony and vision, heavily influenced the visionary works of Zechariah 1-8.<~~ref~~>~~Myers, p. 30.~~</~~ref~~> Zechariah is specific about dating his writing (520-518 BC).		Zechariah’s ministry took place during the reign of [[Darius the Great]] ([[Zechariah 1:1]]), and was contemporary with [[Haggai]] in a post-[[Babylonian captivity\|exilic]] world after the fall of [[Jerusalem]] in 586/7 BC. [[Ezekiel]] and [[Jeremiah]] wrote prior to the fall of Jerusalem, while continuing to prophecy in the earlier exile period. Scholars believe Ezekiel, with his blending of ceremony and vision, heavily influenced the visionary works of Zechariah 1-8.<sup>[]</sup> Zechariah is specific about dating his writing (520-518 BC).

	During the Exile many [[Jews]] were taken to [[Babylon]], where the prophets told them to make their homes ([[Jeremiah 29]]), suggesting they would spend a long period of time there. Eventually freedom did come to many Israelites, when [[Cyrus the Great]] overtook the Babylonians in 539 BC. In 538 BC, the famous [[Cyrus in the Judeo-Christian tradition\|Edict of Cyrus]] was released, and the first return took place under Shebazzar. After the death of Cyrus in 530 BC, [[Darius]] consolidated power and took office in 522 BC. His system divided the different colonies of the empire into easily manageable districts overseen by governors. [[Zerubbabel]] comes into the story, appointed by Darius as governor over the district of Yehud (Judah).		During the Exile many [[Jews]] were taken to [[Babylon]], where the prophets told them to make their homes ([[Jeremiah 29]]), suggesting they would spend a long period of time there. Eventually freedom did come to many Israelites, when [[Cyrus the Great]] overtook the Babylonians in 539 BC. In 538 BC, the famous [[Cyrus in the Judeo-Christian tradition\|Edict of Cyrus]] was released, and the first return took place under Shebazzar. After the death of Cyrus in 530 BC, [[Darius]] consolidated power and took office in 522 BC. His system divided the different colonies of the empire into easily manageable districts overseen by governors. [[Zerubbabel]] comes into the story, appointed by Darius as governor over the district of Yehud (Judah).

Nick: /* Chapters 1 to 6 */

2011-04-17T11:27:54Z

Chapters 1 to 6

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	===Chapters 1 to 6===		===Chapters 1 to 6===
	[[Image:Gustave Doré (1832-1883) - The Bible (1865) - Zechariah 6-5.jpg\|left\|thumb\|250px\|Zechariah's vision of the four horsemen ([[Zechariah 6:1]]-[[Zechariah 6:8\|8]]), [[engraving]] by [[Gustave Doré]].]]		[[Image:Gustave Doré (1832-1883) - The Bible (1865) - Zechariah 6-5.jpg\|left\|thumb\|250px\|Zechariah's vision of the four horsemen ([[Zechariah 6:1]]-[[Zechariah 6:8\|8]]), [[engraving]] by [[Gustave Doré]].]]
	The book begins with a preface ([[Zechariah 1\|1:1-6]]), which recalls the nation's past history, for the purpose of presenting a solemn warning to the present generation. Then follows a series of eight visions ([[Zechariah 1\|1:7-6:8]]), succeeding one another in one night, which may be regarded as a symbolical history of Israel, intended to furnish consolation to the returned exiles and stir up hope in their minds. The symbolic action, the crowning of [[Joshua the High Priest\|Joshua]] (Zechariah 6\|6:9-15), describes how the kingdoms of the world become the kingdom of God's [[Messiah]].		The book begins with a preface ([[Zechariah 1\|1:1-6]]), which recalls the nation's past history, for the purpose of presenting a solemn warning to the present generation. Then follows a series of eight visions ([[Zechariah 1\|1:7-6:8]]), succeeding one another in one night, which may be regarded as a symbolical history of Israel, intended to furnish consolation to the returned exiles and stir up hope in their minds. The symbolic action, the crowning of [[Joshua the High Priest\|Joshua]] ([[Zechariah 6:9]]-[[Zechariah 6:15\|15]]), describes how the kingdoms of the world become the kingdom of God's [[Messiah]].

	===Chapters 7 and 8===		===Chapters 7 and 8===

Nick at 03:36, 16 April 2011

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			{{Template:Books of the Old Testament}}
	The '''Book of Zechariah''' is a book of the [[Bible]] [[Old Testament]] and [[Jewish]] [[Tanakh]] attributed to the [[prophet]] [[Zechariah (Hebrew prophet)\|Zechariah]].		The '''Book of Zechariah''' is a book of the [[Bible]] [[Old Testament]] and [[Jewish]] [[Tanakh]] attributed to the [[prophet]] [[Zechariah (Hebrew prophet)\|Zechariah]].

Nick: /* Footnotes */

2009-06-19T15:31:42Z

Footnotes

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	* 1. Carol L. Myers and Eric M. Myers, ''Haggai, Zechariah 1-8: The Anchor Bible''. Garden City, Doubleday and Company Inc., 1987. ISBN 978-0385144827. Page 183.		* 1. Carol L. Myers and Eric M. Myers, ''Haggai, Zechariah 1-8: The Anchor Bible''. Garden City, Doubleday and Company Inc., 1987. ISBN 978-0385144827. Page 183.
	* 2. Myers, pp. 31-2.		* 2. Myers, pp. 31-2.
			* 3. For example, see allusion to [[Zechariah 9:9]] in [[Matthew 21:5]]; also [[Zechariah 12:10]] in [[John 19:37]]. These and other references between Zechariah and the [[New Testament]] are described in Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible: Introduction to Zechariah http://www.freegrace.net/gill/Zechariah/Zechariah_1.htm

	==Sources==		==Sources==

Nick: Protected "Book of Zechariah" [edit=autoconfirmed:move=autoconfirmed]

2009-06-19T15:31:29Z

Protected "Book of Zechariah" [edit=autoconfirmed:move=autoconfirmed]

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(No difference)

Nick: /* Themes */

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Themes

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	Zechariah's concern for purity is apparent in the temple, priesthood and all areas of life as the prophecy gradually eliminates the influence of the governor in favour of the high priest, and the sanctuary becomes ever more clearly the centre of messianic fulfillment. The prominence of prophecy is quite apparent in Zechariah, but it is also true that Zechariah (along with Haggai) allows prophecy to yield to the priesthood; this is particularly apparent in comparing Zechariah to "Third Isaiah" (chapters 55–56 of the [[Book of Isaiah]]), whose author was active sometime after the first return from exile.		Zechariah's concern for purity is apparent in the temple, priesthood and all areas of life as the prophecy gradually eliminates the influence of the governor in favour of the high priest, and the sanctuary becomes ever more clearly the centre of messianic fulfillment. The prominence of prophecy is quite apparent in Zechariah, but it is also true that Zechariah (along with Haggai) allows prophecy to yield to the priesthood; this is particularly apparent in comparing Zechariah to "Third Isaiah" (chapters 55–56 of the [[Book of Isaiah]]), whose author was active sometime after the first return from exile.

	Most Christian commentators read the series of predictions in chapters 7 to 14 as [[Claimed Messianic prophecies of Jesus\|Messianic prophecies]], either directly or indirectly. These chapters helped the writers of the [[Gospel]]s understand Jesus’ suffering, death and resurrection, which they quoted as they wrote of Jesus’ final days ~~<ref>For example, see allusion to Zechariah 9:9 in Matthew 21:5; also Zechariah 12:10 in John 19:37~~. ~~These and other references between Zechariah and the~~ [~~[New Testament~~]~~] are described in {{Citation~~		Most Christian commentators read the series of predictions in chapters 7 to 14 as [[Claimed Messianic prophecies of Jesus\|Messianic prophecies]], either directly or indirectly. These chapters helped the writers of the [[Gospel]]s understand Jesus’ suffering, death and resurrection, which they quoted as they wrote of Jesus’ final days. [3]

	\| last = Gill \| first = John \| author-link = John_Gill_(theologian) \| title = John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible: Introduction to Zechariah \| url = http://www.freegrace.net/gill/Zechariah/Zechariah_1.htm \| accessdate = 2008-12-27}}</ref> . Much of the [[Book of Revelation]], which narrates the denouement of history, is also colored by images in Zechariah.

	==Footnotes==		==Footnotes==

Nick: /* Chapters 9 to 14 */

2009-06-19T15:29:11Z

Chapters 9 to 14

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	===Chapters 9 to 14===		===Chapters 9 to 14===
	This section consists of two "oracles" or "burdens":		This section consists of two "oracles" or "burdens":
	*The first oracle (ch. ~~{{bibleverse-nb\|\|~~Zechariah\|9-11~~\|HE}}~~) gives an outline of the course of God's providential dealings with his people down to the time of the coming of the Messiah.		*The first oracle (ch. Zechariah 9-11) gives an outline of the course of God's providential dealings with his people down to the time of the coming of the Messiah.
	*The second oracle (ch. ~~{{bibleverse-nb\|\|~~Zechariah\|12-14~~\|HE}}~~) points out the glories that await Israel in "the latter day", the final conflict and triumph of God's kingdom.		*The second oracle (ch. Zechariah 12-14) points out the glories that await Israel in "the latter day", the final conflict and triumph of God's kingdom.

	==Themes==		==Themes==

Nick: /* Chapters 7 and 8 */

2009-06-19T15:28:23Z

Chapters 7 and 8

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	===Chapters 7 and 8===		===Chapters 7 and 8===
	Chapters ~~{{bibleverse-nb\|\|~~Zechariah\|7~~\|HE}}~~ and ~~{{bibleverse-nb\|\|~~Zechariah\|8~~\|HE}}~~, delivered two years later, are an answer to the question whether the days of mourning for the destruction of the city should be kept any longer, and an encouraging address to the people, assuring them of God's presence and blessing.		Chapters [[Zechariah 7\|7]] and [[Zechariah 8\|8]] , delivered two years later, are an answer to the question whether the days of mourning for the destruction of the city should be kept any longer, and an encouraging address to the people, assuring them of God's presence and blessing.

	===Chapters 9 to 14===		===Chapters 9 to 14===