Minuscule 158

2009-11-18T08:00:28Z

60.229.177.136: /* External links */

'''Minuscule 158''' (in the [[Biblical manuscript#Gregory-Aland|Gregory-Aland]] numbering), ε 108 ([[Biblical manuscript#Von Soden|Soden]]), is a [[Greek language|Greek]] [[Lower case|minuscule]] [[manuscript]] of the [[New Testament]], on parchment. [[Paleography|Paleographically]] it had been assigned to the 11th century.[1]

== Description ==

The codex contains the text of the four [[Gospel]]s on 236 parchment leaves (size 9 cm by 7.8 cm),[1] with one small [[Lacuna (manuscripts)|lacunae]]. Written in one column per page, in 20 lines per page.[1] Size of the has only 5.8 cm by 4.2 cm. The Gospel of John is ending on 21:11.[2]

It contains the [[Epistula ad Carpianum]], Eusebian tables, tables of κεφαλαια, κεφαλαια, τιτλοι, Ammonian Sections (Mark 234), [[Eusebian Canons]], lectionary markings (partial), pictures, and readings in the margin made by ''prima manu''.[3]

== Text ==

== History ==

The manuscript was given to the Library by [[Pope Pius II]] (1458-1464).[3] It was examined by [[Andrew Birch|Birch]], [[Johann Martin Augustin Scholz|Scholz]], Duchesne, Henry Stevenson, and Gregory.[2]

It is currently housed at the [[Vatican Library]] (Reg. gr. Pii II 55), at [[Rome]].[1]

== See also ==

* [[List of New Testament minuscules]]
* [[Biblical manuscript]]
* [[Textual criticism]]

== References ==

* 1. ^ a b c d [[Kurt Aland|K. Aland]], M. Welte, B. Köster, K. Junack, "Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments", Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York 1994, p. 56.
* 2. ^ a b [[Caspar René Gregory|C. R. Gregory]], "Textkritik des Neuen Testaments", Leipzig 1900, vol. 1, p. 160.
* 3. ^ a b [[Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener|F. H. A. Scrivener]], A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament (London 1894), Vol. 1, p. 214.

== Further reading ==

* Duchesne, ''De codicibus MSS Gr. Pii II in biblioth. Alex: Vat.'', Paris 1870, p. 1-3, 30.
* Henry Steveneon, ''Codices manuscripti Graeci reg. Svecorum et Pii PP. II. hibliothecae Vaticanae'', Rome 1888, 171.

== External links ==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuscule_158 Wikipedia Article on Minuscule 158]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Minuscule 0158}}
[[Category:Greek New Testament minuscules]]
[[Category:11th-century biblical manuscripts]]

Talk:List of Bible verses not included in modern translations

2009-11-13T23:38:03Z

60.229.177.136:

== Merged ==
Some verses are merged in RSV and NRSV. We can create new section: "Merged verses...". It is not true that RSV omitted James 1:8 (possibly NRSV too). Is it problem. We should be more precisse. [[User:Leszek Jańczuk|Leszek Jańczuk]] 14:42, 20 July 2009 (UTC)

Codex Boernerianus

2009-11-06T20:26:04Z

60.229.177.136: New page: '''Codex Boernerianus''', designated by '''Gp''' or '''012''' (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 1028 ([[Biblical manuscript#Von Soden|vo...

'''Codex Boernerianus''', designated by '''Gp''' or '''012''' (in the [[Biblical manuscript#Gregory-Aland|Gregory-Aland]] numbering), α 1028 ([[Biblical manuscript#Von Soden|von Soden]]), is a small New Testament [[codex]], measuring 25 x 18 cm, written in one column per page, 20 lines per page. Dated [[Paleography|paleographically]] to the 9th century.<ref name=Aland>Kurt Aland, and Barbara Aland, ''The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction To The Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism'', Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1995, p. 110. </ref> The name of the codex derives from [[Christian Frederick Boerner|Boerner]], to whom it once belonged.

== Description ==

The manuscript contains the text of the [[Pauline epistles]] (but does not contain [[Epistle to the Hebrews|Hebrews]]) on 99 [[vellum]] leaves. The main text is in [[Koine Greek|Greek]] with an interlinear [[Latin]] translation inserted above the Greek text (in the same manner like [[Codex Sangallensis 48]]).

The text of the codex contains six [[Lacuna (manuscript)|lacunae]] ([[Epistle to the Romans|Romans]] 1:1-4, 2:17-24, [[First Epistle to the Corinthians|1 Cor.]] 3:8-16, 6:7-14, [[Epistle to the Colossians|Col.]] 2:1-8, Philem. 21-25).
Quotations from the [[Old Testament]] are marked in left-hand margin by inverted comma (>), and Latin notation identifies a quotation (f.e. ''Iesaia'').
Capital letters follow regular in [[Stichometry|stichometric]] frequency. It means codex G was copied from manuscript arranged in [[Stichometry|στίχοι]]. The codex sometimes uses minuscule letters: α, κ, ρ (of the same size as uncials). It has not [[Spiritus asper]], [[Spiritus lenis]] and accents.<ref name = Gregory/>

The Latin text is written in minuscule letters. The shape of Latin letters: r, s, t is characteristic of [[Anglo-Saxon language|Anglo-Saxon]] alphabet.

Codex does not use phrase ἐν Ῥώμῃ (''in Rome''). In Rom 1:7 this phrase was replaced into ἐν ἀγαπῃ (Latin text - ''in caritate et dilectione''), and in 1:15 the phrase is omitted (in both text Greek and Latin).

After the end of Philemon stands the title Προς Λαουδακησας αρχεται επιστολη (with interlinear Latin ''ad Laudicenses incipit epistola''), but an apocryphal epistle is lost.<ref name = Metzger>Bruce M. Metzger, [[Bart D. Ehrman]], ''The Text Of The New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration'', Oxford University Press, 2005, pp. 75-76. </ref>

The section 1 Cor 14:34-35 is placed after 1 Cor 14:40, just like other manuscripts of the Western text-type ([[Codex Claromontanus|Claromontanus]], [[Codex Augiensis|Augiensis]], [[Minuscule 88|88]], itd, g, and some manuscripts of Vulgate.<ref>NA26, p. 466. </ref><ref>Bruce M. Metzger, ''A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament'' ([[Deutsche Biblegesellschaft: Stuttgart, 2001), pp. 499-500. </ref>

The Greek text of this [[codex]] is a representative of the [[Western text-type]]. [[Kurt Aland|Aland]] placed it in [[Categories of New Testament manuscripts#Category III|Category III]].<ref name=Aland/>

The Latin text has some affinity with [[Liber Comicus]].<ref>A. H. McNeile, ''An Introduction to the Study of the New Testament'', revised by C. S. C. Williams, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1955, p. 399. </ref>

== The Old Irish Poem in the Codex Boernerianus ==
On [http://www.csntm.org/Manuscripts/GA%20012/012_069.jpg folio 23 verso] at the footnote written Irish verse which refer to making a pilgrimage to Rome:

: Téicht do róim [téicht do róim]
: Mór saido becic torbai
: Inrí chondaigi hifoss
: Manimbera latt ni fog bai.

: Mór báis mor baile
: Mór coll ceille mór mise
: Olais aurchenn teicht dóecaib
: Beith fó étoil maic Maire.

[[File:Irish Verse in Codex Boernerianus.JPG|thumb|right|240px|Below biblical text Irish verse (three lines)]]
[[Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener|Scrivener's]] translation:

: To come to Rome, to come to Rome,
: Much of trouble, little of profit,
: The thing thou seekest here,
: If thou bring not with thee, thou
:: findest not.

: Great folly, great madness,
: Great ruin of sense, great insanity,
: Since thou has set out for death,
: That thou shouldest be in disobedience
:: to the Son of Mary.<ref>F. H. A. Scrivener, ''[[A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament]]'', 4th ed. ([[George Bell & Sons]]: London 1894), Vol. 1, p. 180. </ref>

E. Windisch proposed different translation of that verse:
: „Nach Rom gehen
: Viel Mühe, wenig Nutzen!
: Der König, den du hienieden suchst,
: Wenn du ihm mich mitbringst, findest du (ihn) nicht.

: Groß die Torheit, groß der Wahnsinn!
: Groß die Verderbnis des Sinns, groß der Irrsinn!
: Weil in den Tod gehen sicher bevorsteht,
: Soll es sein unter ... von Mariens Sohn!“<ref>A. Reichardt, Introduction ''Der Codex Boernerianus. Der Briefe des Apostels Paulus'', Verlag von Karl W. Hiersemann, Leipzig 1909, S. 12. </ref>
Robert Relyea translated it into English in that way:
: According to Rome
: Great effort, little benefit!
: The king you are seeking
: If you do not brign him, you can find (him).

: Great folly, great madness,
: The wholesale corruption of meaning, great madness!
: Because going will bring death,
: Should it be under... Son of Mary!<ref>E. Windisch, ''Das altirische Gedicht im Codex Boernerianus'', in the "Berichten über die Verhandlungen der Kgl. Sächs Gesellschaft der Wiss. Zu Leipzig philos.-hist.-Klasse", Vol 421890, p. 83. See also: Alexander Reichhart, [http://209.85.129.132/search?q=cache:KVbtZDzxZvgJ:https://aries.relyeahome.org/mss/boernerianus/intro_english.doc&cd=10&hl=pl&ct=clnk&gl=pl&lr=lang_en&client=firefox-a ''Introduction''], translated by Robert Relyea.</ref>

Metzger in his book quoted translation of Scrivener.<ref>B. M. Metzger, ''Manuscripts of the Greek Bible: An Introduction to Palaeography'', Oxford University Press, Oxford 1981, p. 104. </ref> This seems to have been written by a disappointed pilgrim. Irish language was not the first language for the author of this vers.

== History ==
The codex was probably written by an [[Hiberno-Scottish mission|Irish]] monk in the [[Abbey of St. Gall]], [[Switzerland]] between 850-900 A.D. Kuster was the first to recognize the 9th century date of Codex Boernerianus.<ref>Alexander Reichardt, [http://209.85.129.132/search?q=cache:KVbtZDzxZvgJ:https://aries.relyeahome.org/mss/boernerianus/intro_english.doc&cd=10&hl=pl&ct=clnk&gl=pl&lr=lang_en&client=firefox-a ''Indtoruction''], translated by Robert Relyea. </ref> The evidence for this date includes the style of the script, the smaller uncial letters in Greek, the Latin interlinear written in Anglo-Saxon minuscule, and the separation of words.<ref> Gardthausen, ''Griechische Paläographie'' (Greek Paleography). Leipzig 1879. p. 271, 428 and 166; see also. H. Marsh, ''Comments. . to J. D. Michaelis' Introduction''. I. p. 263</ref>

In 1670 it was in the hands of P. Junius at [[Leiden]]. The codex got its name from its first German owner, [[University of Leipzig]] professor [[Christian Frederick Boerner|Boerner]], who bought it in [[Holland]] in the year 1705.<ref name = Gregory>[[Caspar René Gregory|C. R. Gregory]], „Textkritik des Neuen Testaments“, Leipzig 1900, vol. 1, p. 112. </ref> It was collated by [[Ludolph Kuster|Kuster]], described in the preface to his edition of [[John Mill|Mill's]] Greek New Testament. The manuscript was designated by symbol '''G''' in the second part of [[Johann Jakob Wettstein|Wettstein's]] New Testament.<ref>Alexander Chalmers, ''The General biographical dictionary'' (London 1812), Vol. 4, pp. 508-509. </ref> The text of the codex was published by [[Christian Frederick Matthaei|Matthaei]], at Meissen, in Saxony, in 1791, and supposed by him to have been written between the 8th and 12th centuries.<ref>Ch. F. Matthaei, ''XIII epistolarum Pauli codex Graecus cum versione latine veteri vulgo Antehieronymiana olim Boernerianus nunc bibliothecae electoralis Dresdensis'', Meissen, 1791.</ref> Rettig thought that Codex Sangallensis is a part of the same boo as the Codex Boernerianus.<ref>H. C. M. Rettig, ''Antiquissimus quattor evangeliorum canonicorum Codex Sangallensis Graeco-Latinus intertlinearis'', (Zurich, 1836). </ref>

During [[World War II]], the codex suffered severely from water damage. Thus, the facsimile, as published in 1909, provides the most legible text. Some scholars believe that, originally, this codex formed a unit with the Gospel manuscript [[Codex Sangallensis 48]] (Δ/037). Boernerianus is housed now in the [[Saxon State Library]] (A 145b), [[Dresden]], [[Germany]], while Δ (037) is at [[Saint Gallen]], in [[Switzerland]].<ref name = Metzger/>

== See also ==
* [[Codex Augiensis]]
* [[List of New Testament uncials]]
* [[List of New Testament Latin manuscripts]]

== References ==
1.^ a b Kurt Aland, and Barbara Aland, The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction To The Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism, Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1995, p. 110.
2.^ a b C. R. Gregory, „Textkritik des Neuen Testaments“, Leipzig 1900, vol. 1, p. 112.
3.^ a b Bruce M. Metzger, Bart D. Ehrman, The Text Of The New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration, Oxford University Press, 2005, pp. 75-76.
4.^ NA26, p. 466.
5.^ Bruce M. Metzger, A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament ([[Deutsche Biblegesellschaft: Stuttgart, 2001), pp. 499-500.
6.^ A. H. McNeile, An Introduction to the Study of the New Testament, revised by C. S. C. Williams, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1955, p. 399.
7.^ F. H. A. Scrivener, A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, 4th ed. (George Bell & Sons: London 1894), Vol. 1, p. 180.
8.^ A. Reichardt, Introduction Der Codex Boernerianus. Der Briefe des Apostels Paulus, Verlag von Karl W. Hiersemann, Leipzig 1909, S. 12.
9.^ E. Windisch, Das altirische Gedicht im Codex Boernerianus, in the "Berichten über die Verhandlungen der Kgl. Sächs Gesellschaft der Wiss. Zu Leipzig philos.-hist.-Klasse", Vol 421890, p. 83. See also: Alexander Reichhart, Introduction, translated by Robert Relyea.
10.^ B. M. Metzger, Manuscripts of the Greek Bible: An Introduction to Palaeography, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1981, p. 104.
11.^ Alexander Reichardt, Indtoruction, translated by Robert Relyea.
12.^ Gardthausen, Griechische Paläographie (Greek Paleography). Leipzig 1879. p. 271, 428 and 166; see also. H. Marsh, Comments. . to J. D. Michaelis' Introduction. I. p. 263
13.^ Alexander Chalmers, The General biographical dictionary (London 1812), Vol. 4, pp. 508-509.
14.^ Ch. F. Matthaei, XIII epistolarum Pauli codex Graecus cum versione latine veteri vulgo Antehieronymiana olim Boernerianus nunc bibliothecae electoralis Dresdensis, Meissen, 1791.
15.^ H. C. M. Rettig, Antiquissimus quattor evangeliorum canonicorum Codex Sangallensis Graeco-Latinus intertlinearis, (Zurich, 1836).

== For further readings ==

* P. Corssen, ''Epistularum Paulinarum Latine Scriptos Augeinsem, Boernerianum, Claroomntanum examinavit'', 1887-1889.
* W. H. P. Hatch, ''On the Relationship of Codex Augiensis and Codex Boernerianus of the Pauline Epistle''s, Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, Vol. 60, 1951, pp. 187-199.
* Alexander Reichardt, ''Der Codex Boernerianus. Der Briefe des Apostels Paulus'', Verlag von Karl W. Hiersemann, Leipzig 1909.
* Philip W. Comfort, ''Encountering the Manuscripts: An Introduction to New Testament Paleography and Textual Criticism'', Broadman & Holman Publishers, 2005.
* Bruce M. Metzger, ''Manuscripts of the Greek Bible: An Introduction to Palaeography'', Oxford University Press, Oxford 1981.

== External links ==
* [http://www.csntm.org/Manuscripts/GA%20012/ Codex Boernerianus Gp (012)] at the CSNTM (images of the 1909 facsimile edition)
* [http://digital.slub-dresden.de/sammlungen/werkansicht/274591448/0/ Codex Boernerianus Gp (012)] recently made photos at SLUB Dresden Digitale Bibliothek
* [http://digital.slub-dresden.de/fileadmin/data/274591448/274591448_tif/jpegs/274591448.pdf Codex Boernerianus] recently made photos at SLUB Dresden Digitale Bibliothek (PDF)
* [http://www.skypoint.com/members/waltzmn/ManuscriptsUncials.html#uGp Manuscript Gp (012)] at the ''Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism''

{{DEFAULTSORT:Boernerianus}}
[[Category:Greek New Testament uncials]]
[[Category:Old Latin New Testament manuscripts]]
[[Category:9th-century biblical manuscripts]]

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[[pl:Kodeks Boerneriański]]
[[pt:Codex Boernerianus]]
[[ru:Бернеров кодекс]]

Textus Receptus - User contributions [en]

Minuscule 158

Talk:List of Bible verses not included in modern translations

Codex Boernerianus